College of Agricultural Sciences Woody Ornamental Insect, Mite, and Disease ManagementAuthorsInsects and mites: Gregory A. Hoover, Senior Extension Associate and Ornamental EntomologistDiseases: Gary W. Moorman, Professor of Plant PathologyPesticide safety: Kerry M. Richards, Director, and Sharon I. Gripp, Information Specialist, of the Penn State Pesticide Education ProgramCover photograph provided by Gregory A. HooverPenn State College of Agricultural Sciences research and cooperative extension programs are funded in part by Pennsylvania counties, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture.Visit Penn State’s College of Agricultural Sciences on the Web: agsci.psu.eduThis publication is available from the Publications Distribution Center, The Penn-sylvania State University, 112 Agricultural Administration Building, University Park, PA 16802. 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Direct all inquiries regarding the nondiscrimination policy to the Affirmative Action Director, The Pennsylvania State University, 328 Boucke Building, University Park, PA 16802-5901; Tel 814-865-4700/V, 814-863-1150/TTY.© The Pennsylvania State University 2011Produced by Ag Communications and MarketingCode # AGRS-025 3.5M3/11MonroeLitho3814Woody ornamental Pest management insects and mites, 1(continued on next page)contentsIntroductIon 3Insects and MItes 5Pest Identification 5Integrated Pest Management 5 Guidelines for Establishing an IPM Program 5 Diagnosing Arthropod Problems 5 Use of Symptomatology 5 Sampling/Monitoring Arthropod Pests and Their Natural Enemies 5 Decision to Implement a Management Strategy 5 Methods of Control 6 References 6Growing Degree Days 6Insects and Mites Destructive to Woody Ornamentals 8Plant Phenological Indicators 10Bee Warning 10Insect Traps and Attractants 10Biological Controls 11 Video/DVD on Biological Control 11Invasive Arthropod Pests of Woody Ornamental Plants 11 Tree-Age (Emamectin Benzoate)—Insecticide (Injection Treatment) for Management of Emerald Ash Borer 12 Azatin XL (Insect Growth Regulator) and Ornazin 3% EC—Botanical Insecticides 12Horticultural Spray Oil 12Insecticidal Soap 12 References 12Arborsystems LLC 13Mauget Microinjection Method (Nonedible Crops Only) 13Tree Tech Microinjection Systems 14Gypsy Moth 15White Grub Management in Ornamental Plantings 15Insecticide and Miticide Resistance Management 16Common Names and Trade Names of Insecticides and Miticides 20Classes of Insecticides and Miticides for Arthropod Pest Management 22Control Measures for Insects and Mites 22 Alder 22 Amelanchier—see Serviceberry (Shadbush) 22 Arborvitae 23 Ash 23 Azalea 24 Barberry 26 Basswood (Linden) 26 Beech 27 Birch 27 Boxelder 28 Boxwood 28 Catalpa 29 Chamaecyparis 29 Cherry (Flowering Ornamental) 29 Cotoneaster 30 Crabapple (Ornamental Nonedible Flowering) 31 Cryptomeria 32 Dogwood 32 Douglas-Fir 33 Elm 34 Euonymus 35 Fir 36 Forsythia 36 Hawthorn 36 Hemlock 38 Hickory 39 Holly 40 Honeylocust 41 Honeysuckle 41 Ivy 41 Japanese Pieris 42 Japanese Zelkova 42 Juniper 43 Larch 43 Lilac 44 Linden—see Basswood 44 Locust (Black) 44 Magnolia 44 Maple 45 Mimosa 47 Mountain Ash 47 Mountain Laurel 47 Oak 48 Pachysandra 50 Pear (Flowering Ornamental) 50Woody Ornamental Insect, Mite, and Disease ManagementWooDy ornaMental Pest ManageMent Insects anD MItes, 2contents (continued)Control Measures for Insects and Mites (continued) Pieris—see Japanese Pieris 51 Pine 51 Privet 54 Purpleleaf Plum 54 Pyracantha 54 Redbud 55 Rhododendron 55 Rose 57 Serviceberry (Shadbush) 59 Spirea 59 Spruce 59 Sweetgum 61 Sycamore 61 Tuliptree 62 Viburnum 62 Weigela 63 Willow 63 Wisteria 64 Yew (Taxus) 64 Zelkova—see Japanese Zelkova 65dIseases 67Disease Diagnosis 67Scheduling Woody Ornamental Plant Disease Management Practices 67Key Plants, Key Diseases, and Key Times for Disease Control 67Guide to Selected Plants and the Key Times to Control Diseases 68Disinfesting Tools and Equipment 70Common Plant Diseases 70 Fire Blight 70 Bacterial Leaf Scorch 71 Red Maple Leaf Scorch 71 Elm Leaf Scorch 71 Oak Leaf Scorch 71 Sycamore and London Plane Leaf Scorch 71 Dogwood Leaf Scorch 71 Botryosphaeria Canker 72 Crown Gall 72 Powdery Mildew 73 Pseudomonas syringae 73Nematode-caused Diseases 74Phytotoxicity 75Tree Diseases That Create Hazards 75Fungicides and Managing Fungicide Resistance 76 Control Measures for Diseases of Specific Plants 80Plant Disease Clinic Specimen Information Form 107usIng PestIcIdes safely 109General Guidelines for Pesticide Safety 109Pesticide