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Berkeley PHYSICS 111 - NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE

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Physics 111, Advanced Undergraduate Laboratory NMR2003.2 Copyright © 2003 The Regents of the University of California. All Rights Reserved. Page 1 of 40 University of California at Berkeley Physics 111 Laboratory NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE and Pulsed NMR (NMR) Watch the Two Videos on NMR & Pulsed NMR in Lab or get from the Physics Library Version 2003.3 Copyrighted ©2004 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Student's Name Partner's Name Pre-lab Discussion Questions It is your responsibility to discuss this lab with a professor or GSI on the first day of your scheduled laboratory period. This signed sheet must be included as the first page of your report. Without it you will lose 1/3 of a letter grade. You should think about and be prepared to discuss at least the following before you come to lab: 1. What is NMR? What is resonating? What magnetic fields do we apply to our sample? What do these fields do? What is Larmor precession? 2. Referring to Figure 3 of this lab manual, in what directions are the DC field, the modulating (60 Hz) field, and the RF field? What do these fields do? How do these fields relate to question 1? When you arrive in lab, examine how these fields are actually oriented in space. 3. What is nuclear magnetic resonance? 4. What are T1 and T2? 5. How does pulsed NMR differ from the continuous wave NMR experiment? 6. What is "free nuclear induction"? 7. What is a "spin echo"? Staff Signature Date Completed on the First day of lab? (circle) Yes / NoPhysics 111, Advanced Undergraduate Laboratory NMR2003.2 Copyright © 2003 The Regents of the University of California. All Rights Reserved. Page 2 of 40 Mid-lab Questions 1. On day 3 of this lab, you should have successfully produced an H2O absorption resonance picture, with a calibrated frequency axis. What is the Lamor Frequency in Mhz? Show them to a GSI and get a signature. Staff Signature Date Completed on the third day of lab? (circle) Yes / No 2. On day 7 of this lab, you should have successfully observed the spin echo on the scope. Show it to an instructor and ask for a signature. Staff Signature Date Completed on the seventh day of lab? (circle) Yes / No Other things to think about as you go along: Quantum Mechanics and E & M: Classical absorption and dispersion curves for light going through matter (covered in any 110 text). In the NMR lab you will encounter similar absorption and dispersion curves. Why should optical absorption and dispersion be so similar to NMR absorption and dispersion? [Hint: think of the relevant Hamiltonians!] E & M: The experiment relies on the induced voltage generated in a "pickup" coil surrounding your sample (in more than one way). Study the sample NMR head apparatus and understand how a magnetization induced in your sample can be "picked up" by the coil (which is basically just an RLC circuit). Does the frequency of the RF field affect the pickup coil's response? INCLUDE THIS SHEET AS THE FIRST PAGE OF YOUR REPORTPhysics 111, Advanced Undergraduate Laboratory NMR2003.2 Copyright © 2003 The Regents of the University of California. All Rights Reserved. Page 3 of 40 Physics 111 Advanced Lab Student Evaluation of Experiment Now that you have completed this experiment, we would appreciate your comments. Please take a few moments to answer the questions below, and feel free to add any other comments. Since you have just finished the experiment it is your critique that will be the most helpful. Your thoughts and suggestions will help to change the lab and improve the experiments. Please be as specific as possible, using both sides of the paper as needed, and turn this in with your report. Thank you! Experiment name: __________________________________________ Date:________ How was the write-up for this experiment? How could it be improved? How easily did you get started with the experiment? What sources of information were most/least helpful in getting started? Were the reprints appropriate? Did the Pre-lab discussion help? Did you need to go outside the course materials for assistance? What additional materials could you have used? What did you like and/or dislike about the experiment? Would you recommend this lab to fellow student? Why or why not? What advice would you give to a friend just starting this experiment? If the course materials were available over the Internet (WWW, FTP, etc.), would you (a) have access to them and (b) would you prefer to get them this way? Please circle the abbreviations of the other labs you have done: ATM BRA COM CO2 GMA HAL HOL JOS LIF LLS MNO MUO NLD NMR OPT RUT SHE XRA Overall quality of this experiment? 1 2 3 4 5 Poor Average GoodPhysics 111, Advanced Undergraduate Laboratory NMR2003.2 Copyright © 2003 The Regents of the University of California. All Rights Reserved. Page 4 of 40 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (Continuous Wave - CW) II. INTRODUCTION In 1952 Felix Bloch and Edward Purcell received the Nobel Prize in physics for their discovery in 1945 of nuclear magnetic resonance. Bloch’s method of observation is now widely used in many areas of science and technology. NMR is a sensitive probe of the local magnetic field in matter at the location of nuclei, and gives us information about nuclear spins and their surroundings. In the Medical field it is called Magnetic Resonance Imaging to avoid the use of the word “nuclear”. This experiment has the following objectives: (1) To observe the phenomena of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of protons in H2O and other liquids (2) To observe the absorption and dispersion line shapes of NMR under slow passage and under non-adiabatic passage conditions, and to study their dependence on concentration of paramagnetic ions added to the liquid (3) To measure the ratio of the magnetic moment of F19 to that of the proton (4) To use the technique of lock-in detection to get improved signal-to-noise ratios in the NMR detection. A former student commented, "The best thing that can be said about NMR is that in beginning of the experiment, a student feels overwhelmed by its complexity. As you become more familiar with it, this feeling is replaced by curiosity and eventually understanding." This is to say that while there is a great deal to learn initially about NMR, given time and a lots of effort the pieces do


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