ASTR100 Fall 2009: Exam #2 Review SheetEXAM IS THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 5th, chapters 5-11Resources availableA] http://www.astro.umd.edu/~ssm/ASTR100/ has some useful links.B] Read the book! Try the problems at the end of each chapter.C] Email me if you have a specific question I could answer online.D] Come to Wednesday office hours if you need general help/review.Chapter 5: Light1] What type of EM radiation has the longest wavelength? ________________2] What type of EM radiation has the highest frequency? ________________3] What color of visible light has the most energy? ________ Why? ________________4] Name the four ways light interacts with matter: _______, _______, _______, ______.5] What type of spectrum will a neon light produce? ____________________________6] What type of spectrum will a regular filament light bulb produce? _______________7] What type of spectrum will a star produce? _________________________________8] Why do atoms absorb/emit only certain values of energy? ______________________9] If you double a star's radius and change nothing else, by how much will its luminosity increase? (Use ratios and Stefan-Boltzmann Law) ______________________________10] If a star has twice the peak wavelength of emission as our Sun, is it hotter or colder at the surface? By how much? (Use Wien's Law) _______________________________11] If a star's spectrum is blue shifted, is it moving towards or away from us? ________12] What does a reflecting telescope look like? How about a refracting one? (Sketch:)(Reflecting:) | (Refracting)|||||||13] Name three advantages of putting a telescope in space. ______________________, ________________________________, and _________________________________.14] For the same size telescope, which has a better angular resolution: a telescope that picks up infrared or one that picks up ultraviolet? (θ λ/D) _______________________∝Chapter 6: The Solar System1] Pages 146-155 have one planet per page. How far from the Sun is Neptune? _______2] What are some clues that help us figure out how the Solar System formed? (Page 157 may prove useful) _______________________________________________________3] List these in order from closest to furthest from the Sun: Kuiper belt, asteroid belt, jovian planets, Oort Cloud, terrestrial planets. _________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________4] Describe the Solar Nebula hypothesis: _____________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5] How do we find extrasolar planets? Name some techniques (See pages 175-177): ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Chapter 7: Earth and Terrestrial Worlds1] There are four main factors that affect surfaces. Name them: _________, _________,________, _________. Which of these are found on Venus? ______________________2] Name some unique features of Earth that support life (Page 216 is helpful). _______ ______________________________________________________________________3] Describe the CO2 cycle on Earth: _________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Chapter 8: Jovian Planets1] What are Saturn and Uranus primarily made from? ___________________________2] Why do Neptune and Uranus look blue? ____________________________________3] What causes Io to heat up enough to be volcanically active? ____________________4] Which planets have rings, and what are they made of? ________________________ ______________________________________________________________________Chapter 9: Asteroids and Comets1] Where are comets typically found? ________________________________________2] Describe the difference between a meteor, a meteorite, and a meteoroid: __________ ______________________________________________________________________3] There are two tails on a comet. What are they made out of, and which always points DIRECTLY away from the Sun? ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________4] Name three famous/important examples of impacts in the Solar System and where they occurred (Hint: catastrophic events are a good place to start) __________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Chapter 10: The Sun1] Google the song “Why does the Sun Shine?” by They Might Be Giants. The lyrics are catchy and pretty accurate. Maybe they could help on the exam!2] The visible “surface” of the Sun is called the _____________________.3] Describe the steps of the proton-proton chain below (should be covered in class on Tuesday):4] What happens to the Sun's magnetic field every 11 years? ______________________Chapter 11: Stars1] Suppose we know two stars have the SAME luminosity, but one looks four times brighter than the other. How much closer is it? (Use the inverse-square law and ratios): ______________________________________________________________________2] Which is hotter, our Sun or a Red Giant? ___________________________________3] Know the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram well. There will likely be a free response question asking about many details regarding it. (P. 319)4] What spectral class is the Sun? _________________5] What color are K and M stars? ________________6] What spectral class of stars has the shortest life-span? ________________7] Along the main sequence, where are the highest-mass stars found? ____________8] Describe the statement “Mass is destiny.” ________ _______________________ ______________________________________________________________________