CSD 115 1st EditionLecture 13Outline of Last Lecture I. Prelinguistic Communicationa. Ageb. Vocalizationc. Semantic Developmentd. Pragmatic Developmente. Primitive Speech ActsII. Linguistic Development (Age 1)a. Ageb. Speechc. Semantic Developmentd. Pragmatic Developmente. Preliteracy DevelopmentOutline of Current Lecture I. Linguistic Development Age 2 (25-36 months)a. Speech SoundsII. Semantic Developmenta. Ageb. Vocabularyc. Fast Mappingd. Overextensione. UnderextensionIII. Syntax and Morphological Developmenta. Ageb. Morphemesc. Mean Length UtteranceIV. 14 Grammatical MorphemesCurrent LectureLinguistic Development- Age 2 (25-36 Months)- Speech Sounds continue to develop; phonological processes continue to be surpressed- Other Linguistic developments occur in: semantics, syntax & morphology, pragmatics, preliteracySemantic Development (Still part of Linguistic Development)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- 25-36 Months- Vocabulary Sport Occurso Receptive Vocabulary: grows to 900 words by age 3o Expressive Vocabulary: grows to 500 words by age 3 Learning up to 5 new words per day, due to fast mappingo Fast mapping: children’s ability to hypothesize the meaning of a new word after hearing it used only one or two times Assimilate faster than accommodateo Child begins to combine 2-3 words into early sentences that express semantic relations such as: Recurrence (more) Rejection (no) Disappearance (no, bye-bye) Denial (no) Agent + Action (daddy go, baby cry) Action + Object (push car, go car)- Over extension and underextension are common as child learns so many new words- Overextension: when child uses one word to describe many different objects- Underextension: child uses one word to ONLY label an object that is specific to herSyntax and Morphological Development- 14 grammatical morphemes emerge (although most develop between ages 3-5)- Morphemeso Smallest unit of meaningo Two types: Free standing morphemes: words that can stand on their own Bound morphemes: grammatical inflections that are attached to other words to change their meaning- Mean Length Utteranceo Used to measure the complexity of language in preschool childreno M= mean (average)o L= length in morphemeso U= utterance (one single spoken comment) As in: Stop; I don’t like you. Each one is a separate utteranceo To determine MLU Count the number of utterances the child says Count the number of morphemes in each utterance Add all of the morphemes together Divide the total number of morphemes by the total number of utterances MLU= average number of morphemes used in each utterance Important because MLU is closely related to age until age 5MorphemesMorpheme Example Age of Mastery* (mos)1 Present Progressive –ing Mommy driving19-28 2 In Ball in cup 27-303 On Doggie on sofa 27-33 4 Regular plural -s Forms: /s/, /z/, /iz/Cats, dogs, classes27-335 Irregular past Came, fell, broke, sat, went25-466 Possessive ‘s Mommy’s balloon brokeForms: /s/, /z/, /iz/26-407 Uncontractible copula(Verb to be as main verb)He is.(Response to “Who is sick?)28-468 Articles I see a kitty. 28-469 Regular past -ed Forms: /d/, 26-48/t/, /ed/Pulled, walked,batted10Regular third person -sForms: /s/, /z/, /iz/Kathy hits, begs, loses.28-5011Irregular third personShe does it. She has it.28-5012Uncontractible auxiliaryHe is. (In response to “Who is wearing your coat?)29-4813Contractible copulaThat man’s nice.29-4914Contractible AuxiliaryDaddy’s
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