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K-State HN 132 - Protien and Amino Acids
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HN 132 Lecture 13 Outline of Last LectureI. You need to consume a specific amount of essential fatty acids dailyII. Phospholipids III. SterolsIV. What happens to the fat you eat? Outline of Current Lecture I. Traditional Mediterranean diet II. Fat Substitutes III. ProteinsIV. Essential Amino AcidsV. Dietary ProteinsVI. Denaturation Current LectureI. Traditional diet of Mediterranean region associated with lower risk of heart disease and cancer A. Very active lifestyle as well as long, relaxing family meals, afternoon siestas, supportive communityB. Plant-based diet of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts1. With olive oil, low-fat dairy, water2. Occasional fish, poultry, eggs, meat, sweets, wineII. Fat substitutes are designed to provide all the creamy properties of fat for fewer calories and total fat gramsThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.A. Because fat has more than double the calories per gram of carbohydrates or protein, fat substitutes have the potential to reduce calories from fat by more than 50 percentB. Fat substitutes can be carbohydrate-, protein-, or fat-basedC. The majority are carbohydrate-based and use plant polysaccharidesIII. Proteins are the predominant structural and functional materials in every cellA. Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (like carbohydrates and fats) B. In addition, also contain nitrogenC. Each amino acid has:1. Acid group (COOH)2. Amine group (NH2)3. Side chain (unique)D. All proteins consist of some combination of 20 unique amino acidsIV. Nine essential amino acidsA. Cannot be made by the body B. It is “essential” to obtain them from the diet1. Eleven nonessential amino acids2. Can be synthesized in the body from other amino acids or by adding nitrogenTo carbon-containing structures3. Conditionally essential amino acids4. Under certain conditions, some nonessential amino acids cannot be made in bodyV. Dietary proteins are digested and absorbed in stomach and small intestineA. Stomach acids denature protein andB. Activate pepsin, which breaks down protein into shorter polypeptidesC. In the small intestine, polypeptides broken down into tripeptides, dipeptides, andamino acidsD. Amino acids enter blood and travel to liverVI. Denaturation: the alteration (unfolding) of a protein’s shape, which changes the structure and function of the proteinA. Examples: cooking meat, eggs changing texture1. Stomach acid untangles proteins to aid in digestion2. Neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Mad cow


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K-State HN 132 - Protien and Amino Acids

Type: Lecture Note
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