1The Many Faces of SchizophreniaChapter 12- Schizophrenia and Psychotic DisordersWhat are Negative Symptoms?• Avolition is also referred to as ______________________ or the inability to initiate/persist in important activities.– ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________• Alogia is often referred to as ________________________________ ______________________________________________________________– A person with alogia may respond with brief answers to questions that have little content and may appear uninterested in the conversation.Are they just unsocial people?• This deficit in communication is believed to reflect a _____________________________________, rather than inadequate communication skills.• Research suggests that people with alogia may have ____________________________________ ______________________________________________ to formulate their thoughts2More Negative Symptoms• The lack of emotional response is called ____________________________________________________________________________________________________– They do not react with emotion outwardly, although they may be experiencing the emotion inwardly.Hey…Mom’s dead!• Sometimes people with schizophrenia display __________________________________________________• Behavior that does not fit the mood is sometimes displayed, such as laughing or crying at inappropriate timesEx:_______________________________People with schizophrenia often lack insight (awareness) and have ___________________________________________________________________________________.3Disorganized Thoughts• These are marked by looseness of associations, in which the patient rambles on from topic to topic in a disconnected way _________________________________________________– Where unrelated answers are given to questions• The “word salad” is also displayed in which the patient’s speech ________________________________ __________________________________________________Just bizarre behavior• Some people are very physically agitated-– “psychomotor agitation”• Others in the other extreme, hold unusual postures called _______________________________• This can also involve____________________________ the tendency to keep their bodies in the positions someone else puts them inDiagnosis• To receive a diagnosis of schizophrenia, a person must display _____________________ positive, negative and/or disorganized symptoms for a major portion of at least 1 month.4The many faces of schizophreniaThis disorder is divided into subtypes:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paranoia will destroy ya…• This form of schizophrenia stands out because the delusions and hallucinations have a theme:– such as grandeur, excessive religiosity or persecution.• Surprisingly, people with paranoid schizophrenia have ____________________________________________________________________________________________________Paranoid Schizophrenia• People with paranoid schizophrenia tend to have_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________• They do not usually have disorganized speech or flat affect.5Diagnosis• The DSM IV criteria requires preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations without a marked display of disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, or flat/ inappropriate affect (APA, 2000).Disorganized type • In contrast to the paranoid type, people with Disorganized Schizophrenia ___________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________• These behaviors are often coupled with flat/inappropriate affect and an unusual self-absorption• The patient may act silly or withdraw socially to an extreme• If hallucination/delusions are present, they are often _____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________6Catatonic Type• This type of schizophrenia effects the motor functions/responses. This can be displayed in the waxy flexibilityor excessive psychomotor activity• _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________• They often ________________________________________ of others (echolalia) or movements _________________• This type of schizophrenia is relatively rare, and there is some debate about whether it should remain classified as a separate subtype (McGlashan, 1991).Undifferentiated Type• People do not always fit neatly into a specific subtype, which is why there is a subtype of undifferentiated schizophrenia.• People who have the major symptoms of schizophrenia, __________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________Can you just have a little bit of schizophrenia?• No, but you can experience one psychotic episode without further symptoms. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________• Although they may not display bizarre hallucinations or delusions, they may have __________________________ symptoms.– ____________________________– ____________________________– Inactivity– Flat affect7Next Class…• What causes Schizophrenia?• How can it be