Chapter 24, part 3Histology of the stomachFigure 24.13 The Stomach LiningSlide 4Figure 24.14 The Secretions of Hydrochloric AcidRegulation of gastric activityFigure 24.15 The Phases of Gastric SecretionSlide 8Slide 9Digestion and absorption in the stomachSECTION 24-6 The Small Intestine and Associated Glandular OrgansSmall intestineFigure 24.16 Regions of the Small IntestineHistology of the small intestineFigure 24.17 The Intestinal WallSlide 16Slide 17Intestinal juicesSmall IntestineIntestinal movementsThe pancreasFigure 24.18 The PancreasCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fundamentals of Anatomy & PhysiologySIXTH EDITIONFrederic H. MartiniPowerPoint® Lecture Slide Presentation prepared by Dr. Kathleen A. Ireland, Biology Instructor, Seabury Hall, Maui, HawaiiChapter 24, part 3The Digestive SystemCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Gastric glands •Parietal cells •Intrinsic factor, and HCl•Chief cells•Pepsinogen•Pyloric glands•Mucous secretion containing several hormones•Enteroendocrine cells •G cells secrete gastrin•D cells secrete somatostatinHistology of the stomachCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.13 The Stomach LiningFigure 24.13a, bCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.13 The Stomach LiningFigure 24.13c, dCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.14Figure 24.14 The Secretions of Hydrochloric AcidCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Cephalic phase prepares stomach to receive ingested material•Gastric phase begins with the arrival of food in the stomach •Neural, hormonal, and local responses•Intestinal phase controls the rate of gastric emptyingRegulation of gastric activityCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.15aFigure 24.15 The Phases of Gastric SecretionCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.15bFigure 24.15 The Phases of Gastric SecretionCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.15cFigure 24.15 The Phases of Gastric SecretionCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Preliminary digestion of proteins•Pepsin•Permits digestion of carbohydrates•Very little absorption of nutrients •Some drugs, however, are absorbed Digestion and absorption in the stomachCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsSECTION 24-6 The Small Intestine and Associated Glandular OrgansCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Important digestive and absorptive functions•Secretions and buffers provided by pancreas, liver, gall bladder•Three subdivisions:•Duodenum •Jejunum •Ileum •Ileocecal sphincter•Transition between small and large intestineSmall intestineCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.16aFigure 24.16 Regions of the Small IntestineCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Plicae •Transverse folds of the intestinal lining•Villi •Fingerlike projections of the mucosa•Lacteals•Terminal lymphatic in villus•Intestinal glands• Lined by enteroendocrine, goblet and stem cellsHistology of the small intestineCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.17aFigure 24.17 The Intestinal WallCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.17b, cFigure 24.17 The Intestinal WallCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.17d, eFigure 24.17 The Intestinal WallCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Moisten chyme•Help buffer acids•Maintain digestive material in solutionIntestinal juicesCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Duodenal glands (Brunner’s glands)•produce mucus, buffers, urogastrone•Ileum•aggregated lymphoid nodules (Peyer’s patches)Small IntestineCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Peristalsis•Segmentation•Gastroenteric reflexes•Initiated by stretch receptors in stomach•Gastroileal reflex•Triggers relaxation of ileocecal valveIntestinal movementsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings•Pancreatic duct penetrates duodenal wall•Endocrine functions•Insulin and glucagons•Exocrine functions•Majority of pancreatic secretions•Pancreatic juice secreted into small intestine•Carbohydrases•Lipases•Nucleases•Proteolytic enzymesThe pancreasCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 24.18a-cFigure 24.18 The