HIST 111 1st EditionExam 1 Study GuideList of possible multiple choice terms for Exam One:1. Zheng He: dominated the trade routes2. Musa Mansa: Famous king of the Mali empire in West Africa, known mostly for his fabulous pilgrimage to Mecca and for his promotion of unity and prosperity within Mali.3. Silk Roads: An ancient trade route between China and the Mediterranean.4. 5 Pillars of Islam:1. Praying 5 times a day2. Pilgrimage to Mecca3. Fasting4. Charity (similar to giving tithes and offering for a Christian)5. Shahada (The belief that there is one God and that Muhammad is a messenger of God)5. Polytheistic: One who worship multiple Gods6. Tenochtitlan: An ancient Aztec capital on the site of present-day MexicoCity. 7. Millet System: A system where the Ottoman Empire allowed other religious group to practice their religion and govern themselves with few restrictions.8. Créoles: A person who is of spanish decent but was born in the Americas. 9. Encomienda System: a grant by the Spanish Crown to a colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the Indian inhabitants of an area10. Mughal Empire: Created by Ethic Turkish people, 11. Reconquista: A war between Spain and France12. Sociedad de Castas: A caste system based upon racial origins.13. Hernan Cortez: conquistador who overthrew the Aztec empire14. The Forbidden City: was the Chinese imperial palace from the Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty 15. Confucianism: A belief or religion based on the ideas of Confucius( how to be productive citizen)16. Mandarins: Public officials in China, most sought out job, pays well and most respected job17. Patriarchy: A social system in which the male is the primary authority figure in the home (fathers holds authority over wife and children) and also in political roles.18. Feudalism: a social system that existed in Europe during the Middle Ages in which people worked and fought for nobles who gave them protection and the use of land in return19. Chattel Slavery: is a system in which people are the property ofothers, Slaves can be held against their will from the time of their capture, purchase or birth, and deprived of the right to leave, to refuse to work, or to demand wages. 20. Gullah: A language derived from African and English words being blended together21. African Diaspora: The movement of Africans and their descendants being taken and enslaved, shipped throughout the world during the Atlantic slave trade.22. Indulgences:23. Martin Luther: Writer of the manifesto “95 theses” and also lead the protest against the catholic church24. Shias: Second largest sect of Islam25. Sunnis: Largest denomination of the Islam religion 26. Wahhabi Islam: A movement that advocates the return to the rituals and practices of the movement sees as the original teachings ofIslam.27. Mechanical View of the Universe: The thought that the world was one big machine, and one could use the scientific method to figureout how it works.28. Natural Rights: Every man is born with Life, Liberty, and the right to own Property.29. Social Contract : No government exist because of the people30. Laissez Faire: The belief that government should intervene as little as possible in economic affairs. (let the economy fix itself)31. Louis XIV : also known as le roi soleil (the Sun King), King of France(1643-1715) who declared absolute monarchy. 32. Gens de coleur : Free people who were of African descent, they owned land but was not seen as equal to the Grand Blancs (Big Whites)33. Simon Bolivar : Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule34. Miguel de Hidalgo : A presist who served a congregation outside of what is now known as Mexico City. His followers were usuallylower class and he also helped them organize to revolt against the French. 35. Middle Class: Didn’t exist until the Industrial Revolution; and consisted of Accountants, lawyers, foreman or managers who were hired to work in the factory. 36. Pograms: Unsure what this is37. Karl Marx: Inventor of communism (A theoretical economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members)38. Zionism: Also known as Jewish nationalism; The idea that the Jewish people should have a country of their own.39. Mary Wollstonecraft: English writer during the englightment period and the first women to push for equilty. 40. Coverture: refers to legal status that once a woman married shewas under the protection and control of her husband (women had no rights)Possible Essay Questions Exam 1:Tip on writing a good essay is to use your notes to create an outline of the most important details and then memorize it by studying it and rewriting it and this should help you on the exam. 1. What was the world like at, around, 1500?2. Describe the “new worlds” which emerged after 1500 in the Americas, the Middle East, and South Asia.3. How did “global connections” affect Africa and Africans?4. How did the Industrial Revolution change the world?5. How did thinking change during the Enlightenment?6. How did Enlightenment ideas change the world?Good