SIMS 415 WAN and the InternetComputer NetworkNetwork Types DefinedWide Area Network (WAN)Enterprise NetworkStructure of the InternetSlide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24How the Internet Started11SIMS 415SIMS 415WAN and the InternetWAN and the Internet22Computer NetworkComputer NetworkAn interconnection of computers An interconnection of computers for the purpose of sharing for the purpose of sharing information and resources.information and resources.Typically classified according to:Typically classified according to:•Reach and complexityReach and complexity•Protocols and topologiesProtocols and topologies33Network Types DefinedNetwork Types DefinedLocal area networksLocal area networksMetropolitan area networksMetropolitan area networksWide area networksWide area networks44Wide Area Network (WAN)Wide Area Network (WAN)Far-reaching system of networks that Far-reaching system of networks that usually extends over 30 miles and often usually extends over 30 miles and often reaches across states and continentsreaches across states and continents55Enterprise NetworkEnterprise NetworkEnterprise networkEnterprise network•Combination of LANs, Combination of LANs, MANs, or WANs that MANs, or WANs that provides users with an provides users with an array of computer and array of computer and network resources to network resources to complete different taskscomplete different tasks66Structure of the InternetStructure of the Internet““Internet” comes from Internet” comes from “internetworking”“internetworking”The Internet is a collection of networks The Internet is a collection of networks connected in a hierarchical fashionconnected in a hierarchical fashionThere is no longer any regulated There is no longer any regulated structure to the Internetstructure to the InternetOrder is maintained by agreement on Order is maintained by agreement on governing standardsgoverning standards77Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetSource: Jeff Tyson, howstuffworks.com“Point of Presence”“Network Access Point”88Structure of the InternetStructure of the Internet99Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetNAPsNAPs•Network Access PointsNetwork Access Points•Original NAPs (NSFNet)Original NAPs (NSFNet)Chicago Chicago New JerseyNew JerseySan FranciscoSan FranciscoWashington, DCWashington, DC1010Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetThe Chicago NAP (Ameritech)The Chicago NAP (Ameritech)•Tier 1 Internet ExchangeTier 1 Internet Exchange•Serves ISPs, research centers, universities Serves ISPs, research centers, universities •Over 140 customers Over 140 customers •DS-3, OC-3c and OC-12c speeds DS-3, OC-3c and OC-12c speeds •World’s largest ATM exchange World’s largest ATM exchange1111Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetThe Chicago NAP (Ameritech)The Chicago NAP (Ameritech)•$3,900 per month for a DS3 $3,900 per month for a DS3 •$4,700 per month for an OC3. $4,700 per month for an OC3.1212Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetSONET OC-48 Multiplexers2488.32 Mbps =OC-1: 51.84MbpsOC-48 = 51.84Mbps * 48 =2.48832 Gbps“2.5 Gigabit Backbone”at the Chicago NAP1313Structure of the InternetStructure of the Internet1414Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetMAEsMAEs•Metropolitan Area ExchangesMetropolitan Area Exchanges•Privately owned exchanges (MCI)Privately owned exchanges (MCI)•MAE EastMAE East•MAE WestMAE West•MAE CentralMAE Central•MAE Los AngelesMAE Los Angeles•MAE ParisMAE Paris•MAE FrankfurtMAE Frankfurt1515Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetMAE EastMAE EastMAE East includes four sites in the Washington, MAE East includes four sites in the Washington, DC metropolitan area and one in New York City.DC metropolitan area and one in New York City.Vienna, VA 22182 (2 sites)Vienna, VA 22182 (2 sites)Reston, VA 20191Reston, VA 20191 Ashburn, VA 20147Ashburn, VA 20147 New York, NY 10013New York, NY 100131616Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetPOPPOPPoint of PresencePoint of PresenceRegional Internet Service providers (Regional Internet Service providers (ISPISPs) place s) place POPs in different cities they want to offer POPs in different cities they want to offer connectivity in.connectivity in.1717Structure of the InternetStructure of the Internet1818Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetIXRegionalISP RegionalPOP Local Local Local LocalUsers19192020Such IP Tracing is available on sites like http://visualroute.visualware.com and http://samspade.org/2121Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetC:>tracert www.yahoo.comC:>tracert www.yahoo.comTracing route to www.yahoo.akadns.net [66.94.230.35]Tracing route to www.yahoo.akadns.net [66.94.230.35] 1 172.16.0.2541 172.16.0.254 2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1]2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1] 3 acr01-vl4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [199.174.117.225]3 acr01-vl4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [199.174.117.225] 4 cor02-ve-96.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [209.165.96.17]4 cor02-ve-96.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [209.165.96.17] 5 bor01-ge-6-4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [207.69.223.169]5 bor01-ge-6-4.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [207.69.223.169] 6 bor02-so-6-1.va-ashburn0.ne.earthlink.net [209.86.82.33]6 bor02-so-6-1.va-ashburn0.ne.earthlink.net [209.86.82.33] 7 exchange-cust1.ash.equinix.net [206.223.115.16]7 exchange-cust1.ash.equinix.net [206.223.115.16] 8 ae0-p939.pat2.pao.yahoo.com [216.115.102.249]8 ae0-p939.pat2.pao.yahoo.com [216.115.102.249] 9 vlan27.bas2.scd.yahoo.com [216.115.101.46]9 vlan27.bas2.scd.yahoo.com [216.115.101.46] 10 UNKNOWN-66-218-82-234.yahoo.com [66.218.82.234]10 UNKNOWN-66-218-82-234.yahoo.com [66.218.82.234] 11 p4.www.scd.yahoo.com [66.94.230.35]11 p4.www.scd.yahoo.com [66.94.230.35]Trace complete.Trace complete.2222Structure of the InternetStructure of the InternetTracing route to www.unc.edu [152.2.1.217]Tracing route to www.unc.edu [152.2.1.217] 1 172.16.0.2541 172.16.0.254 2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1]2 user-11fao01.dsl.mindspring.com [66.245.96.1] 3 199.174.118.173 199.174.118.17 4 cor01-vl96.ga-atlanta0.ne.earthlink.net [209.165.96.1]4