CSD 115 1st EditionLecture 12Outline of Last Lecture I. Hearing LossII. Speech Symptoms Associated with Hearing LossIII. Treatment of Speech Sound Disordersa. Traditional Articulation Therapyi. Therapy with Physical Limitationsb. Phonological Based Therapyi. Typical Phonological SessionOutline of Current Lecture – Periods of Language Development (Ch. 4)I. Prelinguistic Communicationa. Ageb. Vocalizationc. Semantic Developmentd. Pragmatic Developmente. Primitive Speech ActsII. Linguistic Development (Age 1)a. Ageb. Speechc. Semantic Developmentd. Pragmatic Developmente. Preliteracy DevelopmentCurrent LecturePrelinguistic Communication- Age Range: Birth to 1 year- Vocalizations that occur BEFORE the first word- The sound of early language (last unit): Cooing, Babbling, Jargon- Semantic Developmento RECEPTIVE Vocabulary Developingo Words child understands but doesn’t yet produceo 3-50 words o No EXPRESSIVE vocabulary in this stageo Caregiver behaviors that assist infants in learning language: Child-directed speech Slower rate; increased pitch variations, long pauses, frequent repetition (motherese; parentese)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Joint Reference Directing a child’s attention to a particular object or action and then labeling it when both child and caregiver are attending- Pragmatic Developmento Intentionalityo Use of verbal and nonverbal behaviors to indicate wants and needso Parent’s respond to child’s gestures and vocalizations as they interpreting what they meano As the parents’ behaviors reinforce the child’s behaviors, they occur more often- Primitive Speech Actso Organized prelinguistic behaviors according to the social function they serve; both verbal and non verbalo Labeling - namingo Requesting an object or action o Refusing an object or actiono Calling – to get attentiono Repeating - imitating Linguistic Development- Age 1: 12-24 months- Linguistic stages begin with the appearance of the first word- Speech: o Child’s first words sound different from adult productions, due to slowly developing speech sounds. o Initial pronunciations are simplified using Phonological Processes discussed in last unit. o Slowly, processes are extinguished, as adult productions are mastered.- Other linguistic developments occur in: semantics, pragmatics, preliteracy - Semantic Developmento Receptive Vocabulary grows to 500 wordso Expressive Vocabulary grows to 250 words First words emerge shortly after first birthday First words consist of: 60% nouns and proper names 15% early action words Few interaction words – “hi” “bye-bye” Few descriptive words – “mine” o Jargon remains commono Protowords emerge along with real words Protowords – (AKA: phonetically consistent forms) – word-like productions used consistently to label objects or actions bear no resemblance to adult form of word used consistently to refer to only that object or action Adults learn what they mean and reinforce them as though they were true words. Toward the end of the first year, two-word utterances emerge - Pragmatic Developmento Social functions described by Dore continue to be usedo Words allow child to express them more clearlyo Social words allow child to learn social interaction and cultural routines - Preliteracy Developmento Behaviors relating to books that children demonstrate before they begin to read.o Expressing interest in bookso Holds/turns books to upright and ready positiono Turns pages front to
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