SI 9 4 Lecture 4 Amphibians 1 Name 3 characteristics of Amphibians 5 total a Terrestrial aquatic or both b Legless and or gilled larval stage c Smooth permeable skin d Egg without shell e Generally oviparous with external fertilization 2 What theories discuss the reason amphibians moved to land 3 theories a Predation hypothesis b Food hypothesis c Competitive avoidance hypothesis 3 Amphibian means a Two lives 4 What are the three extant orders of amphibians a Gymnophiona caecilians b Caudata Salamanders c Anura frogs toads 5 What is known as the age of Amphibians Carboniferous 6 During what age did Amphibians develop a Devonian 7 What ecological conditions were present during the Devonian that led to amphibians moving to land a Shallow seas lots of contact with land b Conditions moving from wet to drier c Food found on land plants and inverts abundant d Land sea contact often in Tropical areas minimizing need for temperature control e Predators in ocean abundant Devonian age of fishes 8 Name 4 problems associated with living on land a Gravity b c d e f g 9 Locomotion Breathing Feeding Reproduction Outer Covering Sensory systems Lungfish are the closest living fish relative of tetrapods belong to class Sarcopterygii 10 What is a double breather a had both gills and open air passageways external nares b Internal nares choanae opening at back of nose connecting nasal passage to throat and lungs c Osteolopiforms Transitional Fish 11 Name 3 characteristics of transitional fish a Cylindrical bodied large headed fishes b Shallow water predators c Were double breathers had both gills and open air passageways external nares d Internal nares choanae opening at back of nose connecting nasal passage to throat and lungs e Well ossified skeleton jaws similar to those of tetrapods f Locomotion fins and fin support suggest terrestrial locomotion possible and likely gave rise to terrestrial limbs g Primitive pectoral girdle between fins and vertebral column h Lobelike fins supported by bones at their base 12 Name Several characteristics of Ichthyostega which is a stem tetrapod a 1st good fossil of land vertebrate b Small 6 inches long c Vertebrae fishlike no interlocking connections d Tail long and fishlike with fin rays e Pectoral and pelvic girdles strong f Polydactyly 7 toes 13 and are examples of stem tetrapods a Acanthostega and Ichthyostega 14 likely gave rise to Lissamphibia a Temnospondyls 15 What is Tiktaalik Amphibian Missing Link transitional fossil with mixed features Fish features bony scales fin rays fish tail gill arches fish like jaw Tetrapod features shortened skull modified ear mobile neck functional wrist robust pectoral fins no operculum gill cover Importantly FINS WITH WRISTS 16 Why was Tiktaalik s discovery so interesting to science a Scientists PREDICTED location for transitional amphibians NW Canada 17 Name 3 characteristics of Lissamphibia a Loss of bone in skull e g salamanders replace some bones with cartilage b Loss of scales only 1 group retains c Most with 4 digits not 5 d 2 middle ear bones e Weak teeth f 3 chambered heart 18 True False All Amphibians have a metamorphic life cycle a False 19 Name 3 characteristics of the order Gymnophiona a Tropical b Burrow underground or in leaf litter c Legless and tailless d Retain a few scales in neck e Poorly studied 20 Name 3 characteristics of the order Caudata a Eastern U S highest diversity on earth b Generally have legs c Show great deal of bone loss d Can be long lived 20 years e Most do not metamorphose 21 Name 3 characteristics of the order Anura a Live in tropical temperate sub arctic and even desert b Large hind legs for leaping c Metamorphic life cycle d No tails as adults 22 A current ecological issue is the disappearance of frogs 23 True False Amphibians are indicator species a True 24 True False Amphibians solved the problem of reproduction on land a False
View Full Document
Unlocking...