Unformatted text preview:

Traveler Transportation OutlineSubstitutability of Communications and TransportationWhy People Like CarsLand Use PatternsA Final Set of Reasons We Love CarsUrban contrasted with Intercity Traveler TransportationINTERCITY TRAVELER TRANSPORTATION: AIRReasons for Air Industry Financial ProblemsTraveler Transportation: Air IndustryAir Traveler Transportation and the 30 “Key Points”Land-Side IssuesAircraft TechnologyAir Transportation as an Example of SubsidiesFlows of Funds in Air TransportationSubsidies in Air TransportationINTERCITY RAIL TRANSPORTATIONTechnology for High-Speed RailRail CharacteristicsInternational SystemsRAIL STATION VS. AIRPORT LOCATIONMAINTENANCE COST VS. SPEEDSHARING R.O.W. BETWEEN PASSENGER AND FREIGHT TRAINSPERSPECTIVES OF FREIGHT RAILROADS ON PASSENGER SERVICEHSR, INCREMENTAL HSR AND MAG-LEVSOME AMTRAK BUSINESS MODELS FOR INTERCITY TRAVELER RAIL IN THE U.S.SOME AMTRAK-RELATED PUBLIC POLICY ISSUESKEY INTERRELATIONSHIPSSPEAKER: Joseph M. SussmanMITIntroduction to Tranportation Systems1.201J/11.545J/ESD.210JFall 2006LECTURE 13 (and forward): TRAVELER TRANSPORTATIONDISPLAYSOctober 24 (and forward), 20062Traveler Transportation Outline Transportation and Communications Why People Like Cars Contrasting Urban and Intercity Transportation Intercity Traveler Transportation Air Transportation Rail Transportation3Substitutability of Communications and Transportation Two opposing perspectives: Communications will greatly reduce the need for transportation because of the telecommuting option; people will not have to actually physically be at the office to make a contribution.  On the other hand, while telecommuting may occur, the economic interactions that will occur as a result of enhanced communication may generate more travel than is saved by the telecommuting option.4Why People Like Cars We like the flexibility  The automobile network is universal  It often (but not always) is the fastest mode, depending on levels of congestion, time of day and the available alternatives Privacy Automobiles suggest that you are at a higher level of society People simply enjoy the sensation of driving5Land Use Patterns Given the way our land-use patterns have developed, particularly in the United States, cars are virtually a necessity. There are areas where taking at least part of your trip without an automobile is virtually impossible.  Land-use densities are so low that public transportation is not viable. The automobile is fundamental and a necessity of life, not a luxury, depending upon land-use choices that society makes.6A Final Set of Reasons We Love Cars It is very often a good transportation buy. It is a good value for your transportation dollar.  You get this high-quality transportation service which is a good buy, because somebody else is paying a lot of the costs for the infrastructure and cleaning up the environment.  This choice is economically rational. Highway transportation may well be cheap, or at least cheap relative to the level-of-service that is being provided to you, because of the way in which the costs of the highway infrastructure are paid for.Urban contrasted with Intercity Traveler TransportationClass Discussion8INTERCITY TRAVELER TRANSPORTATION: AIR9Reasons for Air Industry Financial Problems Competition is the critical element. There are those that would argue that the industry has more capacity than it needs for the demands it serves.  Earnings in the airline industry are very sensitive to the ratioof filled seats to total seats. Once a seat flies empty, the revenue from that seat is gone forever. And airlines, recognizing that fact, have gone through some destructive pricing battles.  The airline industry finds it difficult to quickly adjust its fleet size and hence its capacity. The time between ordering new aircraft from the manufacturer and delivery to the airline can be several years.10Traveler Transportation: Air IndustryTrends: Strategic AlliancesLow-cost Airlines (for example, Southwest)Discussion: The Logan/ Green (RI)/ Manchester (NH) Airport SystemDiscussion: The Boeing-Airbus Competition11Air Traveler Transportation and the 30 “Key Points” Stochasticity Peaking in Demand Selecting Capacity Network BehaviorOther Key Points?12Land-Side Issues Airport AccessAirport LocationIt is door-to-door travel time that matters.Airport AirportCenter CityCenter CityFigure 29.113Aircraft Technology Aircraft Size Short Take-Off and Landing Aircraft Hypersonic Flight The “Space Plane” Engine and Materials Technology Blended Wing Body14Air Transportation as an Example of Subsidies Subsidies Between long-distance and short-distance passengers. Cost functions look different for long-distance and short-distance passengers, so there may be cross-subsidies.  Between business and non-business travelers. Business travelers require flexibility to make plans on very short notice and change their plans very quickly. The airline industry charges them a premium for this service.  Among various origin-destination pairs. Customers on the non-competitive routes subsidize those on competitive routes.15Flows of Funds in Air TransportationAirlinesAirportsAir TrafficControlPassengersFigure 29.416Subsidies in Air TransportationAirlinesAirportsAir TrafficControlPassengersSociety-at-LargeFigure 29.517 Does Society-at-Large Benefit Enough to Warrant the Subsidy to Air Transportation?CLASS DISCUSSIONINTERCITY RAIL TRANSPORTATIONA key question: Why do nations in the developed world have such different approaches to traveler intercity rail?For example--TGV in France and Shinkansen in Japan vs USDiscussion19Technology for High-Speed Rail The technologies for high-speed rail used in Japan, France and Germany all require a dedicated right-of-way (no other passenger or freight rail service) Track structures are typically continuous welded rail and concrete ties Due to design speeds, there are horizontal and vertical curve constraints that are much more stringent than for conventional trains For power, electrification is standard Rolling stock for high-speed rail uses low-weight equipment, since energy costs are proportional to the weight of the car and to the cube of the speed Noise becomes more of an issue with high-speed trains. For example, the noise of the pantograph on the top of the cars picking up electric power


View Full Document
Download TRAVELER TRANSPORTATION
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view TRAVELER TRANSPORTATION and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view TRAVELER TRANSPORTATION 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?