BBMMEE 220000//330000 ((BBiioommeeddiiccaall EEnnggiinneeeerriinngg DDeessiiggnn)) FFaallll 22000088 PPrroojjeecctt ##2266:: DDeevveellooppmmeenntt ooff aa DDeevviiccee ffoorr NNeeuurroocchheemmiiccaall SSaammppllee CCoolllleeccttiioonn ffrroomm FFrreeeellyy MMoovviinngg MMoonnkkeeyyss MMIIDD--SSEEMMEESSTTEERR RREEPPOORRTT OOccttoobbeerr 2222,, 22000088 TTEEAAMM MMEEMMBBEERRSS:: PPaauull SScchhiillddggeenn ((TTeeaamm LLeeaaddeerr)) AAnnggwweeii LLaaww ((CCoommmmuunniiccaattoorr)) LLaauurreenn EEiicchhaakkeerr ((BBSSAACC)) CCoollee DDrriiffkkaa ((BBWWIIGG)) CCLLIIEENNTT:: DDrr.. EEii TTeerraassaawwaa DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff PPeeddiiaattrriiccss,, UUWW--MMaaddiissoonn AADDVVIISSOORR:: PPrrooffeessssoorr JJoohhnn WWeebbsstteerr DDeeppaarrttmmeenntt ooff BBiioommeeddiiccaall EEnnggiinneeeerriinngg,, UUWW--MMaaddiissoonnBBMMEE 220000//330000 ((BBIIOOMMEEDDIICCAALL EENNGGIINNEEEERRIINNGG DDEESSIIGGNN)) MMIIDD--SSEEMMEESSTTEERR RREEPPOORRTT AADDVVIISSOORR:: PPRROOFFEESSSSOORR JJOOHHNN WWEEBBSSTTEERR PPRROOJJEECCTT ##2266 ((NNEEUURROOCCHHEEMMIICCAALL__SSAAMMPPLLIINNGG)) Page 2 of 15 LLAASSTT UUPPDDAATTEEDD:: October 22, 2008 TTaabbllee ooff CCoonntteennttss Abstract 3 Problem Motivation 3 Background Rhesus Macaque 3 Client’s Research 4 Microdialysis & Experimental Procedure 4 Client’s Requirements & Design Constraints 5 Current Design 5 Design Alternatives for Cylindrical Top Aluminum 6 Porous Aluminum 7 Plastic 7 Design Matrix for Cylindrical Top 8 Design Alternatives for Strap Configuration Lock & Key 9 Zip Tie 10 Belt 10 Design Matrix for Strap Configuration 10 Proposed Solution 11 Future Work 11 References 13 Appendix: Product Design Specifications 14BBMMEE 220000//330000 ((BBIIOOMMEEDDIICCAALL EENNGGIINNEEEERRIINNGG DDEESSIIGGNN)) MMIIDD--SSEEMMEESSTTEERR RREEPPOORRTT AADDVVIISSOORR:: PPRROOFFEESSSSOORR JJOOHHNN WWEEBBSSTTEERR PPRROOJJEECCTT ##2266 ((NNEEUURROOCCHHEEMMIICCAALL__SSAAMMPPLLIINNGG)) Page 3 of 15 LLAASSTT UUPPDDAATTEEDD:: October 22, 2008 AAbbssttrraacctt The goal of this design project is to develop and construct a device to provide protection for the microdrive unit, an apparatus that is used in microdialysis experiments conducted on non-human primates. This would allow the experiments to be conducted without restraining the monkeys in a chair, providing them with a more comfortable and realistic experimental setting. Currently, there are no existing devices in the market specifically catered for this purpose. Building on last semester’s prototype, the current design consists of an aluminum casing with a form-fitted silicone rubber interior to surround the microdrive unit. In accordance with the client’s requirements, the team considered alternatives to make the device more lightweight and secure, and decided to pursue a porous aluminum cylindrical top as well as a zip tie strap configuration to accomplish this aim. In the future, the team seeks to implement these improvements, and then carry out preliminary testing on live monkeys. Based on the results of the testing, further modifications will be made. PPrroobblleemm MMoottiivvaattiioonn Microdialysis allows for real-time in vivo measurements of various substances in the body2. In particular, direct measurements of neurochemical substances in the brain from free-moving non-human primates is significantly important for understanding complex brain function and developing treatment strategies for brain disorders in humans. A modified microdialysis method has been developed for application to Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). However, it requires restraining the monkeys in chairs for up to 12 hours while samples are collected. Although this is considered a norm and the monkeys have been appropriately conditioned, the situation is less than ideal since the monkeys are subjected to a certain amount of discomfort due to the restricted movement and long period of chairing. The data collected might also not be representative of a monkey in its natural environment, since it is confined to a chair. One way to address this problem is to allow the monkeys to be free from chairing while the experiments are being conducted. Besides alleviating the discomfort experienced by the monkeys, it would also better simulate the monkey’s natural environment since it would be free to move around, albeit within the confines of a cage. Additionally, this method would allow the experiments to be conducted without the 12-hour limit imposed by chairing. More time would be available for sample collection and safety inspections to be conducted, allowing the experiments to be carried out more smoothly and safely. However, allowing the monkeys to move freely introduces the risk of them tampering with the experimental apparatus (called a microdrive unit), thus compromising the experimental procedure. Hence, a protective device must be constructed to protect the microdrive unit during the experiment. This device must be compatible with the monkeys such that it will not incur greater discomfort than is necessary or encumber the experimental process. There are currently no products in the market that specifically address this issue, so a suitable device must be designed and constructed. BBaacckkggrroouunndd RRHHEESSUUSS MMAACCAAQQUUEE The Rhesus macaque, also known as the Rhesus monkey, is one of the best known species of Old World monkeys. Rhesus macaques have an extensive geographic distribution and are found ubiquitously throughout mainland Asia, ranging from Afghanistan to India and Thailand to southern China. They range in color from brown to grey and have little fur, if any, on their reddish-pink faces5. On average, adult males measure approximately 53 cm and weigh 7.7 kg. Females are smaller, measuring 47 cm and weighing 5.3 kg on average. Their tails are of medium length, averaging between 20.7 and 22.9 cm, and are not prehensile (i.e. the tails are not adapted to be able to grasp and/or hold objects). Typically, Rhesus macaques have a lifespan of about 25 years10. Because of their anatomical and physiological similarity to humans, as well as the relative ease at which they can be maintained and bred in captivity, Rhesus monkeys have long been an ideal choice
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