PSY 213 1nd Edition Lecture 13 Outline of Previous lecture I Emotional development II Temperament III Personality development Outline of Current Lecture I Social orientation and attachment II Social contexts the family III Social contexts child care Current Lecture I Social orientation and attachment a Social orientation how is the baby s face to face play and locomotion b Intention goal directed behavior and cooperation c Development of infants social sophistication and insight d Attachment Close emotional bond between two people i Freud Infants become attached to the person that provides oral satisfaction ii Harlow Contact comfort preferred over food iii Erikson Trust arises from physical comfort and sensitive care iv Bowlby Four phases of attachment 1 Phase 1 From birth to 2 months Attachment to human figures 2 Phase 2 From 2 to 7 months Focus on one figure 3 Phase 3 From 7 to 24 months Specific attachments develop 4 Phase 4 From 24 months on Become aware of others feelings e Strange situation Observational measure of infant attachment f Requires the infant to move through a series of introductions separations and reunions with the caregiver and an adult stranger in a prescribed order g Securely attached babies Use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment Not happy when CG leaves Calmed when CG returns h Insecure avoidant babies Avoiding the caregiver Doesn t care when CG leaves or returns These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute i II III Insecure resistant babies Cling to the caregiver then resist the caregiver by fighting against the closeness Very upset when CG leaves and also when returns j Insecure disorganized babies Being disorganized and disoriented in all stages Less common k Maternal sensitivity linked to secure attachment l Caregivers of insecurely attached infants tend to be rejecting inconsistent abusive Social contexts the family a Transition to parenthood new parents face disequilibrium and must adapt to it b Reciprocal socialization Bidirectional i Children socialize parents just as parents socialize children ii Scaffolding Parents time interactions so that infants experience turn taking with the parents c Managing and guiding infants behavior requires i Being proactive and childproofing the environment ii Engaging in corrective methods d Maternal interactions centre on child care activities feeding changing diapers bathing e Paternal interactions tend to be play centered Social contexts child care a The more hours the baby is in child care the more attachment issues they will have b Parental leave c Factors that influence the Child Care effects are Age of the child Type of child care Quality of the program d Strategies parents can follow i Recognize that the quality of your parenting is a key factor in your child s development ii Make decisions that will improve the likelihood that you will be good parents iii Monitor your child s development iv Take some time to find the best child care