Ent 462 Name ________________________10 December 2003Final Exam - 2003Multiple Guess. Select the BEST answer that completes the sentence or answers the question. Remember that your first guess is usually the best! As you now know, there are usually two answers thatmay fit, so you have to decide which of these two is the best one. Good Luck and ASK QUESTIONS!____ 1. When controlling cutworms and sod webworms in turf, we normally recommend NOTirrigating after the application. However, to achieve maximum efficacy, which of the followingapplications would you likely have to irrigate anyway? A. a low volume liquid spray; B. a highvolume liquid spray; C. a granular application; D. when using a neonicotinoid insecticide.____ 2. Which of the following morphological characters is NOT typical of crambid-type sodwebworms? A. projecting palps that look like a snout; B. rolling of the wings around the body;C. resting with the head facing down and body with wings held away from the stem; D. wingsheld flat, like a jet airplane.____ 3. Sod webworms on golf course greens are often overlooked because: A. their damage looks likedisease or other turf maladies; B. their damage is insignificant; C. birds don’t dig them up;D. they don’t actually cause any damage.____ 4. Black cutworm larvae on golf course greens most likely come from: A. surrounding turf that ismowed at higher levels; B. from eggs laid on the flags; C. eggs attached to the grass blades onthe greens; D. eggs dropped onto the green surface.____ 5. Which of the following turf-inhabiting caterpillars regularly overwinters in Ohio in the larvalstage? A. black cutworm; B. fall armyworm; C. bluegrass webworm; D. tropical sod webworm.____ 6. Which of the following attributes would best allow you to identify a fall armyworm larva? A. an H-shaped brown mark on the head capsule; B. light colored stripe running down the body; C. spots on the body; D. a white, inverted Y-shaped mark on the head and six spots on the tipof the abdomen.____ 7. Which of the following biological controls would be the best to use for control of turf-infestingcaterpillars? (be careful, I’m talking about true biological controls!) A. Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) formulations; B. insect parasitic nematodes; C. Metarrhizium fungus; D. spinosyns.____ 8. Which of the following would be a good cultural control technique for turf caterpillar control(except for the black cutworm)? A. establish endophytic turfgrasses; B. decrease watering; C. increase fertilizer rates; D. lower mowing heights.____ 9. The major observable damage characteristic of bermudagrass mite is: A. witchesbrooming ofthe stems and foliage; B. yellowing and streaking of the foliage; C. general thinning of the turfcanopy; D. distinctive elongation of the stems.Name ____________________________10. While clover mites are actual pests of turf, they can also be considered nuisance pests, mainlybecause: A. they often bite when they crawl on human skin; B. large numbers of them can shortout electrical switch boxes; C. they enter homes and get onto structures to molt and lay eggs; D. they also like to feed on house plants.____11. In New York, as the snow melted back, the underlying turf was found to be completelyblanched. Snow mold was suspected, but upon close inspection, many nearly black mites withbright orange-red legs were found. These are most likely: A. clover mites; B. winter grainmites; C. Banks grass mite; D. bluegrass mite.____12. Patches of dead Kentucky bluegrass were found in September in Wisconsin. The lawnspecialist figured that grubs were the problem since clumps of the turf could be pulled up. However, upon closer inspection, numerous pale caterpillars, about the size of sod webwormlarvae were found in the stem-thatch zone. These caterpillars didn’t have the dark spotscharacteristic of normal sod webworms. From this description, which caterpillar is most likelyinvolved? A. bluegrass webworm; B. cranberry girdler; C. bronze cutworm; D. fall armyworm.____13. When managing bluegrass billbugs, the easiest target to control is the: A. adult before eggs arelaid; B. first or second instar larva within the stems; C. fourth or fifth instar larva feeding at thecrown; D. pupa within its chamber.____14. The unique attribute of both hunting billbugs and Rocky Mountain (=Denver) billbugs that isdifferent from the bluegrass billbug is: A. their ability to fly; B. having larvae that oftenoverwinter; C. their feeding on turf leaves rather than stems; D. larvae that can withstand highsoil temperatures.____15. Preventive applications of insecticides are applied between the time that Forsythia andflowering dogwood begins bloom to control annual bluegrass weevils. This is using: A.phenological indicators; B. phrenological indicators; C. rescue treatments; D. degree-daytiming.____16. Annual bluegrass weevils generally overwinter: A. in forest litter, especially in pine needle duff;B. as larvae within the soil; C. as adults in worm holes; D. as resting pupae within the soil.____17. Chinch bugs usually need to be controlled because: A. they can kill the turf with their salivarysecretions; B. they transmit wilt diseases; C. endophytes have little effect on them; D. theycause considerable discoloration of the turf.____18. When trying to determine the general stage of development of chinch bugs, you need to lookfor: A. adults with long wings; B. adults with short wings; C. number and color of the nymphs; D. phenological indicators.____19. Which of the following is NOT an annual grub? A. Ataenius; B. green June beetle; C. maskedchafer; D. Oriental beetle.____20. The only stage that can be used to determine the difference between silverleaf and sweetpotatowhitefly species is the: A. egg; B. crawler; C. scale; D. “pupa” (=last instar nymph)Name ____________________________21. Which of the following grubs does NOT have a definite raster pattern? A. European chafer;B. Asiatic garden beetle; C. masked chafer; D. Oriental beetle.____22. Swarming mounds of Japanese beetles were observed on the turf surface in the early afternoon.This is most likely: A. evidence of an emerging virgin!; B. due to attractive broadleaf weeds inthe turf; C. evidence that the aggravation pheromone has been released; D. not seen with thisspecies!____23. White grubs feed high in the soil/thatch profile in order to obtain: A. the best quality andquantity of roots; B. oxygen; C. warmth; D. the best quality and quantity of