HIST 1312 Exam 1 Three possible essay questions will be on the exam They are as follows In addition there are 25 multiple choice questions that can cover any of the essay question material This review is given in outline form rather than in questions since you need to know the outlined material and be able to write about it on the exam As a quick note if you run out of time to write your essay in the last ten minutes of class outline your answer and you will receive credit for what is outlined On this outline you do not need to know any more specifics than what is listed This review is meant as a brief list to show what needs to be included in the essays as a broad scope It does not need to be in any more detail that what is included Exam Question 1 Discuss the transformation of the United States from 1877 1900 Transformation of U S 1877 1900 Settling of the West no people are going west because no railroad out there so the railroad is built congress funds building of transcontinental railroad state govs promote building of rails north and south of transcont resistance from indians with building of army so army is sent out indians right the battle of Little Big Horn Custer s last stand army surprised and beaten and the battle of Wounded knee breaks indian resistance Buffalo hunters approxamentally 171 million buffalo and by the time this is ended theyare almost extinct let her know you understand the severity of this in terms of how serious this was for the indians food etc only took hides and tongue Miners Number one ore being mined is 1 copper excellent conductor of current during electrical age Ranchers open range cattle drives talk about how all this changes with invention of barbed wire closes range and they rely on trains to take their cattle to market Farmers 160 acres Homestead Act 160 acres for free live there for 5 years build a ten y twelve structure with a door and window couldn t have take up arms against US timber culture act 160 acres for free plant 1 4 of land in trees to act as a wind break against fertile top soil blowing away Timber and Stone Act 160 acres for 1 75 2 25 per acre money is used for irrigation projects to bring water to these areas gov involved in water management dams lakes irrigation etc Rise of City Big Issues number one problem is sanitation sewer systems incinerators for trash pave the streets Crime and Fire creation of professional fire and police departments Rise of Transportation Subway Boston Suspension Bridge New York City Steel is cheap and easy to use Overhead rail Chicago Cable Car San Francisco Communication Telephone Alexander Graham Bell Marconi s Wireless used for ships Literature booms during this time because of the international copyright agreement Rise of Big Business Gilded Age Carnegie steel Rockefeller oil Morgan banking gov passes legislation that puts in a very high protective tariff that allows for the rise of big business Vertical and Horizontal monopolies vertical has all means of production Carnegie was one of the first to create a vertical monopoly Rockefeller had both vertical and horizontal horizontal controls all means of distribution up to the user Immigration Tenements Dennis Kearney irishman who came from ireland and landed in San Francisco and saw the clash for jobs gets chinese exclusion act to be passed first restrictive immigration act in US history Jacob Riis wrote how the other half lives included black and white photographs about the families and the tenement houses exposes degragation of tenants Jane Addams Hull house informs immigrants about scams how to read and write english political rallies and meetings etc Labor Molly McGuires first to go vigilanty Irish coal miners give bad image for the public of the workers Haymarket Square Riot between workers and police 8 officers killed gives worse impression of organized labor Homestead strike Carnegie s steel company workers sit in National guard called in Gave rise to public libraries Pullman Strike sleeping car company took place during panic of 1893 100 of union workers went on strike Sherman anti trust act used against the workers originally meant for outlaw of monopolies but Supreme Court said 100 was the only thing that qualified as monopolies Money and Finance protective tariff keeps going up and up Crime of 1873 demonitarization of silver Coin s financial school U S gov will go bankrupt if 100 mill is not in the treasury Exam Question 2 This Question is more specific and deals with the populist party What are they what laws were passed and what were their ideas Know the 15 points that are provided online and the bills that were passed with them This is an online resource you have access to through Student Access Who were they angry frustrated farmers miners and laborers What their ideas were how they were enacted and what happened to the party Know the 15 points that are provided online If you don t want to use dates then you have to say either at the beginning or the end that these ideas were so radical that none of them were enacted until after the populist party disbands and they were enacted in the first half of the 20th century Why did they disband They did not support a standing military and navy after the Spanish American war they were considered un patriotic Exam Question 3 This essay question deals with the Spanish American War make sure information is included about legislation and treaties declaration of war teller amendment treaty between US and Cuba guaranteed Cuba s independence Background to Cuban Independence movement Newspaper wars Hearst and Pulitzer Yellow Journalism Getting into the War Teddy Roosevelt order to commodore Dewey Easy of defeat since we had modernized navy volunteer groups Rough Riders McKinley Heights and San Juan Hill battles only 8 weeks long What impact did it have on American society Demise of populist party America became a world power and now in a race with Germany and Japan to see who will be the next big one after Britain How did we become an imperial power Puerto Rico and Guam Philippines to protect them