Earth Science 104 Nebular Hypothesis of Solar System Formation.Nebular HypothesisSolar system formed from nebular cloud Big Bang forms all matterHistory of AstronomyAristotleErastosthenes calculation of Earth’s sizePtolemy’s map of EuropePtolemy’s Solar SystemEpicycle explains retrograde motionRetrograde motion of MarsNicolaus CopernicusTycho BraheTycho’s 1572 Nova observationsTycho’s comet of 1577Tycho Brahe in his observatoryJohannes KeplerEllipse with fociKepler’s 2nd LawGalileo GalileiGalileo’s notes on Jupiter’s moonsGalileo sees phases of VenusPtolemaic version of VenusIsaac NewtonOrbital motion of planetsFoucault’s PendulumGet your lab manualEarth Science 104Introduction to EarthHistory of AstronomyNebular Hypothesis of Solar System Formation.Nebular Hypothesis• Formed our solar system–Sun– Planets– Asteroids and comets• Rotating cloud of dust and gases collapses into these bodiesSolar system formed from nebular cloudBig Bang forms all matterHistory of Astronomy• Ancient civilization ideas that Earth was at the center• Age of Reason beginning to recognize Sun is center• Age of Technology exploring wide reaches of the universeAristotlehttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/aristotle.htmlErastosthenescalculation of Earth’s sizePtolemy’s map of Europehttp://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Experimental/vatican.exhibit/exhibit/full-images/d-mathematics/math21.gifPtolemy’s Solar SystemEpicycle explains retrograde motionRetrograde motion of MarsNicolausCopernicushttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/copernicus.htmlTycho Brahehttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/tycho.htmlTycho’s 1572 Nova observationshttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/tycho.1.htmlTycho’s comet of 1577http://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/tycho.2.htmlTycho Brahe in his observatoryhttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/tycho.3.htmlhttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/tycho.4.htmlJohannes Kepler• Used Tycho’s data to determine planetary orbits are elliptical• Periods are function of distance from Sunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Johannes_Kepler.jpgEllipse with foci• Orbit of planet is ellipse• Sun at one FocusKepler’s 2ndLawGalileo Galilei• Strong supporter of Copernican model of planetary movementhttp://www.hao.ucar.edu/public/education/sp/images/galileo.htmlGalileo’s notes on Jupiter’s moons• Telescope used to see that another body in solar system is a center of orbital movement• These moons are not left behind, and Earth’s Moon is not eitherGalileo sees phases of VenusPtolemaic version of VenusIsaac NewtonOrbital motion of planetsFoucault’s Pendulum• 1851• Showed Earth does rotate on its axisGet your lab manual• Lab starts with activities next week• Make-ups are difficult to accomplish, so be sure to attend regularly• Must pass lab to pass
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