WFSC 403 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I Powers of 10 II Introduction to The Scientific of Ecology III Relationship of Ecology to Other Disciplines IV Basic Ecological Problems and Perspectives Outline of Current Lecture I Essays II Scientific Method III Chapter 8 Population Parameters IV Demographic Technology V Life Tables Current Lecture Scientific Method Essay o Policy and scientists Whooping cranes o Natural tension livelihood of people These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute o The purpose of the essay is science is supposed to deliver facts Keep science and advocacy separate Essay two o Counting elephants dying due to disease Chapter 8 Population parameters and demographic techniques o Population demography Life tables Life tables way to manage structure tables Mortality changes class size o Population projections based on life tables o Evolution of demographic traits Population parameters o Density Number individual per unit area Biomass Absolute vs relative Usable habitat Dispersal o One way movement relatively long from birthplace Result is potential colonists speciation o Pattern of dispersion Where they are located Static vs fixed pattern o Top is uniform rare to occur but colonial birds who nest near one another are usually close but not within pecking distance Homogenous Middles is random doesn t depend on anything Ecologists don t like saying something is random everything depends on something o o o o o Last is aggregated contagious most common type Age ratio Sex ratio Natality rate Per capita per individual Female per female per year Mortality rate Good to know if an age class is more prone Potential longevity ideal condition Physiological longevity zoo conditions Fertility fecundity realized rate of natality in real world Immigration and emigration Immigration number of individuals arriving in a population Emigration number of individuals leaving a population Migration individuals leave a birthplace and return Three types of survivorship curves o Type I low early death rate and higher older death rate Humans in developed countries o Type II constant not age specific o Type III inverse of Type I Massive early mortality long extended life Sea turtles Types of life tables o Two types Dynamic and static o Dynamic cohort follows a group from birth to death Don t have to assume anything Follow until the last one dies Impractical for everything because data is difficult to obtain o Static time specific based on age structure directly observed or age at death observed Age structure is most common because the ecologist observe a population and count and age all they find Must assume two things with static life tables Population size is constant Age specific birth and death rates are constant
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