HN 132 Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. What happens after digestion?II. What are the two transport systems?III. What does Saliva do in digestion?IV. What is a bolus?V. How does your body not naturally cause you to choke?Outline of Current Lecture I. The stomachs main functionsII. Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)III. Stomachs mechanical actionCurrent LectureI. The stomachs main functionsA. The stomach mixes, and prepares food for digestion1. The esophagus propels food into the stomach2. Bolus is pushed down esophagus by peristalsis II. Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)A. This is located at the bottom of the esophagus and relaxes and allows food into the stomachB. LES then closes to prevent backflow of hydrochloric acid (HCL) from the stomachIII. Stomachs mechanical action:A. Churning mixes food with digestive juices for several hoursB. Stomach produces powerful digestive secretions1. HCL: activates enzyme pepsin; enhances absorption of minerals, and breaks down connective tissue of meat.a. Mucus protects the lining of the stomach from damageThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. Digestive enzymes, instinctive factor (for vitamin B12 absorption), stomach hormone is gastrin3. Chyme: semi-liquid substance of partially digested food and jusicesC. Gastrin: stimulates digestive activities and secretion of HCL; increases gastric motility and emptyingD. Liquids, carbohydrates, low-fiber, and low-calorie foods exit stomach fasterE. High fiber, fat, and protein foods exit slower, keep you feeling full longerF. Pyloric Sphincter1. Located between the stomach and small intestine2. Allows about 1 tsp of chime to enter the small intestine every 30
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