The InternetLearning ObjectivesTest your Internet knowledge (1)Test your Internet knowledge (2)Digital Subscriber Line- DSLPowerPoint PresentationShannon EquationDigital Subscriber Line (DSL)Slide 9Test Your Internet Knowledge (3)Slide 11Slide 12Test your Internet knowledge (4)DSL loop extenderInternet addressing systemThe InternetSlide 17The Internet addressing systemIP AddressIP addressSlide 21IP Address structureSlide 23Assigning PartsSlide 25Network classesClass, # of networks, # of hostsHost name / Domain nameHost nameDomain Name System (DNS)Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34AutoconfigurationSlide 36Slide 37Slide 38Summary QuestionsSlide 40Slide 41Slide 42Slide 43Web serviceEmail serviceTypical configuration for Internet access from homeDomain namesDNS operationSlide 49The InternetSchool of BusinessEastern Illinois University © Abdou Illia, Fall 2014(October 13, 2014)2Learning ObjectivesUnderstand and discuss:–Digital Subscriber Line–Internet addressing system; i.e.IP address structureHost names/Domain Name–Domain Name System–Autoconfiguration service3Test your Internet knowledge (1)LANs are implemented to provide different kinds of services like file service, print service, and database service. Beside web service and email service, name other services provided through the Internet.Web serviceE-mail service....4Test your Internet knowledge (2)Your computer has a NIC and all needed software installed. What hardware components are needed on the user end in order to establish a DSL connection?Hardware-- --Digital Subscriber Line- DSL67Shannon EquationThe larger the bandwidth the higher the transmission speedThe stronger the signal, the higher the transmission speedThe ‘louder” the noise, the lower the transmission speedShannon Equation:Maximum speed = Bandwidth * Log2 (1 + Signal Power/Noise)Claude Shannon, A Mathematical Theory of Communication, 19488Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)Standard telephone line (Cat 1 UTP)–Capable of handling more than 3.1 Khz bandwidthDSL exploits Standard telephone line’s “extra capacity” to transmit data without disturbing the line’s ability to transmit voiceBandwidth usage for some Asymmetric DSL (ADSL) services:–0 - 4 Khz band for Voice conversation–Upstream data transmission in 25 – 160 Khz band–Downstream data transmission in 240 – 1500 Khz bandDSL uses filters (splitters) to separate voice and data signals–Typically a filter is needed for each analog device (telephone, fax, etc.)9Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)DataWANPSTNDSLAM*DSLModemSplitterTelephoneTelephone CompanyEnd Office SwitchStandard telephone linePC* DSL Access Multiplexer: (1) mixes data from many customers and (2) forwards mixed packetsUserEnd10Test Your Internet Knowledge (3)If a customer has an operational telephone line, which of the following may be needed on the customer’s end in order to establish a DSL connection? Assume that the customer has a fax machine and two telephones that need to be used for phone calls.–A switch–A DSLAM–One DSL filter–UTP cable–A DSL modem–Three DSL filters11Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)DSL speed: 256 kbps – 24000 kbps depending on–DSL technology, line condition, service level, etc.Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)Standard ADSL–Downstream (to customer): Up to 8 Mbps over 2km UTP–Upstream (from customer): 64 kbps or higherADSL2–Downstream (to customer): 5 Mbps to over 12 Mbps–Upstream (from customer): 1 Mbps to 3.5 MbpsQ: How can a 3.5 Mbps upstream speed be achieved with Cat 1 UTP ?12Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)HDSL (High-rate DSL)Needed in business. (ADSL primarily for home and small business access.)Maximum range: 3 kilometersSymmetric speed over voice-grade twisted pair–HDSL: symmetric 768 kbps–HDSL2: symmetric 1.544 Mbps or symmetric 3.5 Mbps13Test your Internet knowledge (4)What are the technical reasons why we can get higher speed transmissions with ADSL service compared to Dial-up service? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________14DSL loop extenderDSL speeds are limited by the distance from the central office or DSLAM DSL loop extenders (or DSL repeaters) can be placed midway between the subscriber and the DSLAM to extend the distance and increase the channel capacity.Internet addressing system16The InternetThe Internet is a Worldwide Group of Networks–Not a single network–Routers connect Individual networksNetworkBorder routerBorder router17The InternetNetworkBrowserPacketRouterPacketRouteWebserverSoftwareUser PC (Host)Operating SystemTCP/IPIP Address =128.150.50.9Webserver (Host)Operating SystemTCP/IPIP Address=139.67.14.54Host name =eiu.edu18The Internet addressing systemNetwork deliver messages based on network addresses–The Internet has two addressing systems for hostsIP addresses. Example: 139.67.14.57Host names (or domain names or Unique Resource Locators). Example: eiu.eduHostHost19IP AddressIP addresses–Are really strings of 32 bits (1s and 0s)Example: 10000000101010100001000100001101–Usually represented by four number segments separated by dots: dotted decimal notationExample: 128.171.17.13–Official addresses for hosts127.18.47.145127.47.17.4720IP address32-bits and Dotted Decimal Notation–IP addresses are really strings of 32 bits (1s and 0s)10000000101010100001000100001101–To convert this to dotted decimal notation, first, divide them into four bytes (also called octets)10000000 10101010 00010001 00001101(Both octets and bytes are collections of eight bits)–Convert each binary (Base 2) octet into decimal (Base 10)21IP addressPlace Value(2N)Bit Decimal128 1 12864 0 032 1 3216 0 08 0 04 0 02 1 21 1 1163Position(N)76543210Binary10100011=Decimal163Note: Starts with 022IP Address structureEach IP Address has two main parts:Each Organization is given the Network Part by an IP address Registrar (e.g: www.arin.net)For Eastern Illinois University, this is 139.67–All IP Addresses for Eastern’s computers begin with that Network PartIP Address139.67Network Part Local PartAmerican Registry for Internet NumbersCheck EIU’s IP registration info23IP Address structureNetwork Parts is 8 to 24 bits long–For Eastern, it is 16 bits long–16 bits is only an