CHEM 102 1nd Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I. Formulas to knowII. Colligative propertiesIII. Vapor pressure lowering of a liquidIV. Raoult’s lawOutline of Current Lecture V. EnthalpyVI. Elements in standard stateVII. State functionVIII. First law of thermodynamicsIX. Spontaneous reactionsCurrent Lecture- Enthalpy—heat content of a substance at constant pressureo Designated by Ho Delta H = Hfinal - Hinitialo Delta Hrxn = Delta Hprodutcs – Delta Hreactantso Sign convention Delta H>O—reaction process is endothermic (absorbs energy) Delta H<O—reaction process is exothermic (releases energy)- Elements in standard stateo State of an element when the pressure is 1 atm (760 mmHg) and temperature is 25 degrees C Hydrogen-H2 (g) Oxygen-O2 (g) Mercury-Hg (l) Tin-Sn (s) Carbon-C (graphite, s)- State function: a quantity whose value is determined only by the stat of a systemo Changes in a state function depend only on intial and final state, and not on how the state was reached Pressure: P and Delta P Temperature: T and Delta TThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Volume: V and Delta V Enthalpy: H and Delta H- First law of Thermodynamics: the total energy of the universe is constant where system is understudy + surroundings = universe- Spontaneous reaction or process: one that occurs in the forward direction without intervention- Delta H alone does not determine if a reaction is
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