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UNC-Chapel Hill GEOG 070 - Satellite Image Products

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Satellite Image ProductsNOAA AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer – AVHRR)AVHRRLandsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS)Landsat MSSLandsat Thematic Mapper (TM)Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+)Slide 8Landsat TMCurrent Landsat ImagesLandsat 7 Gap-filled productsSPOT Multispectral (XS)Spot PANSPOT 5SPOT Operational CapabilityPointable SPOT SensorsSPOT 5 image from stereopairIkonosSpace Imaging IKONOS – multispectral, 4 meter spatial resolutionIkonos Image - Athens Olympic Sports ComplexQuickbirdQuickbird Image - Athens Olympic Sports ComplexTERRAASTERSlide 25MODISMODIS CharacteristicsSlide 28MODIS Applications - Fire DamageMODIS Applications - SSTMODIS Applications - AlgaeSlide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35The GOES ProgramGOES satellite systemGOES-East and GOES-WestThe GOES ImagerGOES resolutionsGOES Spectral resolutionGOES-East North America ImagesSlide 43Slide 44GOES Derived Products - FireGOES Derived Products - CloudsGOES Derived Products - SSTSatellite Image ProductsNOAA AVHRR(Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer – AVHRR)AVHRR/3 Channel CharacteristicsChannel NumberResolution at NadirWavelength (um) Typical Use1 1.09 km 0.58 - 0.68Daytime cloud and surface mapping2 1.09 km 0.725 - 1.00 Land-water boundaries3A 1.09 km 1.58 - 1.64 Snow and ice detection3B 1.09 km 3.55 - 3.93Night cloud mapping, sea surface temperature4 1.09 km 10.30 - 11.30Night cloud mapping, sea surface temperature5 1.09 km 11.50 - 12.50 Sea surface temperatureAvailable since October 1978. Temporal res: 12 hours! Spatial res: 1.1 kmAVHRRNorth Carolina coastLandsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS)•MSS (Multispectral Scanner) –Available from July 1972 through November 1997–scene size: 185 km x 185 km–spatial resolution: 79 meters –radiometric resolution: 0 - 127 (7 bit)–temporal resolution: 16 - 18 days –spectral resolution (bands): •2 visible (green, red) •2 near-infrared –Applications:•agriculture, cartography, environmental monitoring, forestry, land use planning and oceanographyLandsat MSSSydney, Australia on 11 December 1972.Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)•Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) –Available July 1982 – May 31, 2003•Problems since then–scene size: 185 km x 185 km–spatial resolution: 30 meters –radiometric resolution: 0 - 255 (8 bit) –temporal resolution: 16 days –spectral bands: •3 visible (blue, green, red) •2 near- & mid-infrared •1 thermal infrared - Earth temperature mapping: 120 meter resolution (60m res for Landsat 7, since 1999)Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+)•Landsat 7 - ETM (Enhanced Thematic Mapper) –launched in April 1999•Broke May 31, 2003–scene size: 183 x 170km –panchromatic band•15 meter spatial resolution –multispectral bands•30 meter spatial resolution •1 thermal infrared (has different spatial res: 60 meters)Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+)Hurricane Floyd NC floodingLandsat TMNew Orleans August 30, 2005New Orleans April 24, 2005Current Landsat ImagesLandsat 7 Gap-filled productsSome images are available with gaps filled in by images from other, nearby datesSPOT Multispectral (XS)•SPOT - French commercial satellite data company•SPOT XS (Multispectral) –scene size: 60 km x 60 km–spatial resolution: 20 meters –radiometric resolution: 0 - 255 (8 bit) –temporal resolution: nominally 26 days –spectral bands: •2 visible (green, red) •1 near-infrared •1 SWIR (short wave infra-red) since 1998 (SPOT 4)Spot PAN•SPOT PAN (Panchromatic) –scene size: 60 km –spatial resolution: 10 meters –radiometric resolution: 0 - 255 (8 bit) –temporal resolution: nominally 26 daysSPOT 5•Since May 2002•Higher resolutions:–5m panchromatic –10m visible/NIR bands,–20m SWIRSPOT Operational Capabilityhttp--spot5.cnes.fr-gb-images-112gb_1.jpgPointable SPOT SensorsMultiple view angles possible. Can be used to create Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and fly through movies.SPOT 5 image from stereopair•Naples and Mount Vesuvius from data collected shortly after SPOT-5 became operational:Owner: Space Imaging (a commercial group)Launched: September 1999Temporal resolution: 11 days (1-3 days considering oblique views)Radiometric resolution: 11-bit (8x better than TM or SPOT)Spectral bands spatial resolution0.45-0.52 (blue) 4m0.51-0.60 (green) 4m0.63-0.70 (red) 4m0.76-0.85 (NIR) 4m0.45-0.90 (Panchromatic) 1mSwath width: 11kmSensor systems: pushbroom system, pointable both along track and across track.Orbit: 682km sun-synchronous having an equatorial crossing time of 10:30amIkonosSpace Imaging IKONOS – multispectral, 4 meter spatial resolution•San Francisco, CAIkonos Image - Athens Olympic Sports ComplexJuly 24, 2004Owner: Digital Globe (another commercial group, the competition!)Launched: October 18, 2001Temporal resolution: 1-5 days (considering oblique views)Radiometric resolution: 11-bit (8x better than TM or SPOT)Spectral bands spatial resolution0.45-0.52 (blue) 2.5m0.52-0.60 (green) 2.5m0.63-0.69 (red) 2.5m0.76-0.90 (NIR) 2.5m0.45-0.90 (Panchromatic) 60cmSwath width: 16.5kmSensor systems: pushbroom system, pointable both along track and across track.Orbit: 450km sun-synchronous having an equatorial crossing time of 10:30amQuickbirdQuickbird Image - Athens Olympic Sports ComplexAugust 23, 2004TERRA•New NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) satellite–Terra began collecting data on Feb 24, 2000–Contains multiple sensors•ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer)•- only high spatial resolution sensor on TERRA–scene size: 60km–3 bands in visible & near-infrared•15-meter spatial res., 8-bit spectral res.–6 bands in reflected/mid-infrared•30-meter spatial res., 8-bit spectral res.•Good for Landsat follow-up work–5 bands in thermal infrared•90-meter spatial res., 12-bit spectral res.•applications include: vegetation mapping, landcover change, glaciology, evapotranspiration studies, hydrology, volocanolgy, geologyASTERAfter unusually severe spring tides devastated this region in 1953, the Dutch built an elaborate system of dikes, canals, dams bridges and locks to hold back the North Sea. This simulated natural color image was acquired on September 24, 2002, and covers an area of about 50.6 x 52.4 km.ASTERBucket-line dredging for gold took


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