Study Guide: Midterm Spring ‘05 BA 352Exam will consist of 25 multiple choice questions at 2 points each, two short answer at 10 points each and one essay at 30 points.Chapter 1people-centered practices; effective manager’s skill profile; McGregor’s theory X, Y; e-business implications for OB; the contingency approachChapter 15organization – four dimensions common to all orgs; effectiveness criteria (plus triple bottom line); mechanistic/organic organizations; centralized/decentralized decision-makingChapter 2Schein’s layers of organizational culture; functions of culture; relationships between org culture and outcomes; how cultures are embedded; socialization; mentoring; ethics Chapter 3ethnocentrism; Hofstede’s dimensions; high/low context cultures; perceptions of time; reasons for expatriates’ failures; culture shock and ways to minimizeChapter 4the perceptual process; perceptual errors; implications for managers; attribution; fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias; four (five) layers of diversity; affirmative action; managingdiversity; demographic trends affecting diversity; the glass ceiling, barriers and challenges; research-supported diversity practicesChapter 5organizational based self-esteem; self-efficacy (including development of self-efficacy); self monitoring; self- management (see Covey’s model and/or social learning model – relate to a specific area of improvement [enhancing your writing, speaking, listening, etc skills]); locus of control; attitudes; emotional intelligenceChapter 6 job performance model of motivation; needs based theories; job simplification, job enlargement, job rotation, job enrichment; job characteristics model; job satisfaction; spillover model of work-family relationshipsChapter 7equity theory, expectancy theory, goal setting – SMART goalsChapter 8feedback (functions, sources, types (upward, downward, 360-degree, guidelines); reward systems – types and norms; positive reinforcement—see especially side-bar on page 172.Short answer questions.You will be asked to write on 2 of 4-5 possibilities (10 points each)Typically requires that you are able to define (explain) what a concept means and either illustrate it with workplace examples or describe how the concept is used in a particular situation. Bulletedlists, tables, models or other ways of communicating that you understand the concept are all OK. Key point is to be clear, specific and accurate.Possible short answer questions include:Job design is considered to be one way to influence motivation. What specific job design approaches did you use when designing team roles and responsibilities? Why? What approaches were not appropriate for your team project?List and define the four main value dimensions of Hofstede’s model. Give an example to illustrate workplace differences related to each level. Setting goals is important at all organizational levels, List and explain the guidelines for setting goals. (Remember the mnemonic.)One of the important tasks of managers (and co-workers) is to conduct performance appraisals. Unfortunately, perceptual errors can lead to inaccurate or biased appraisals. List at least four perceptual errors that might occur during the performance appraisal process. Illustrate and explain each error.An employee who does not receive a promotion states, “It’s not fair. I have as much education and experience as Leslie, the person who got the job.” What is the motivational theory at work here? What are the main components of the theory? What personal and organizational factors might influence how a person reacts to such a situation? What alternatives does the person have to deal with the situation/Describe the personality trait illustrated in the cartoon about Cathy and Irving when they are trying to assemble the computer table (cartoon will be provided.) How does this personality trait affect job performance?Anytime you enter a new organization or a new culture – whether it be for full-time employment or a volunteer commitment – you will undergo a process of socialization. List, define and give an example from OSU or the workplace of the major phases of the socialization process.Feedback is often ineffective. What specific recommendations would you give to a new manager about giving effective feedback to employees?Essay question Write on one question for 30 points Be able to link and/or integrate two or more concepts in a well-organized prose essay – with an introduction, a body with distinct paragraphs (headings are always advised) and a conclusion. Use appropriate terminology.Following are examples of typical essay questions. How does knowledge of the perceptual process and individual differences help you understand the continuing challenges and barriers to managing diversity in the workplace? How does knowledge of the perceptual process and concepts of culture (e.g. culture shock, layers of culture, Hofstede’s value differences, etc.) help you understand the failures of many U.S. expatriates on overseas assignments? According to a recent Conference Board report, job satisfaction in the U.S. is declining. The most recent report indicated “that only half of all Americans today say they are satisfied with their jobs, down from nearly 60% in 1995. But among the 50% who say they are content, only 14% say they are ‘very satisfied’.”1 Based on what you know about individual differences, motivation and job satisfaction, discuss what a manager might want to know in order to keep their workforce motivated, satisfied and engaged.1 Franco, L. (2005, February). Executive action: Take this job and… (No. 138). New York: The Conference Board.For help on writing essay exams, refer to
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