Geog 4712 Fall 2008 Review for Final exam – use recitation sheets for the readings A) World-systems theories A Single Capitalist World Economy A System of Multiple States 3- Tier Hierarchy/ 2 Processes global “division of labor.” 4 processes of B phase Antisystemic movements 5 stage sequence of gaining (and losing) hegemony (Wallerstein – innovation, production, trade, finance, culture/political Wallerstein’s 3 short hegemonies – how defined, dates, locations Where are the semi-peripheries? Types of semi-peripheries. 4 activities of states in capitalist world economy Critiques of Wallerstein’s approach (5 criticisms) Similarities of Wallerstein and Modelski models (4 similarities) Differences between Wallerstein and Modelski models (5 differences) Modelski model – 5 cycles (100 years) – dates, hegemons, challengers (at least one in each cycle) formative wars, ideology of each hegemon 4 generational phases of each cycle Criticisms of Modelski (6 critiques) “The territorial trap” Why US military spending should be disproportionately on navy (Modelski) B) Nationalism Define “nationalism” Distinguish between state, nation, nation-state, self-determination, homeland “jus sanguinis” (rites by blood/ethnicity) vs. “jus soli” (rights by legal residence) Immigrant and citizenship rules –civic and ethnic nationalism Nationalism as a “modernist” phenomenon Primordialist vs. social constructionist perspectives on nationalism “Imagined communities” (Anderson) “internal colonialism” (Hechter) Distinguish between proto-nationalism, separation nationalism, unification nationalism, renewal nationalism, irredentist nationalism Geographic study of nationalism – blend primordialist and social constructionist with focus on territory – necessary and sufficiency conditions – example of Scotland How nationalism is mobilized – example of Ireland- use of culture, symbols, education, etc Lessons of Irish nationalist experience for other movements Role of internal disparities and sense of relative deprivation in minority areas Hypothetica – know 6-8 types of territorial conflicts and example of each Soviet nationalities policy –how implemented by Stalin Russianization and Russification Nationalist mobilization – role of education Use of the national identity by ethnic cadres to make the grievance argument Ossetians – who, where, conflicts with Georgians and Ingush The legacy of an atrocity - BeslanC) Conflict and Post-Conflict Building a post-conflict society? The example of Bosnia-Herzegovina Why is trust (thin) so important in post-conflict societies? What explains the peculiar trust of police in Bosnia/ Terms/Example: Consociationalism. Partition, Proxy wars, Secession, State-building (compared to nation-building) Health indirect war costs, iconographic and ordinary landscapes, problem of landmines How to look at the world in the early 21st century – Hobbesians versus Kantians 4 ways (incomplete) of examining conflict from political science and economics What characterizes the geographic approach to conflict study? How/why do conflicts diffuse? Example of the North Caucasus How to build an empire – 3 ways Ratio of international to civil wars – over time War distributions, types and causes in early 21st century Pseudo-states – characteristics and locations Identity building in the TMR – examples of social construction Perceptions of the US around the world = general trends over past
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