Smart DustBack to future!Wow!ApplicationsPowerPoint PresentationSlide 6Slide 7Key Features of these electronic particlesWhat is really behind the race? Computer Science!Come Back to Reality! COTS DustArchitectureSlide 12PowerComputationSensorsCommunicationAcoustic CommunicationRF CommunicationSlide 19Optical CommunicationSlide 21Optical Vs. RFFuture WorkLinksThat is all folks!11Smart DustSmart DustMohammad RahimiMohammad RahimiCSCI599-Spring2002CSCI599-Spring200222Back to future!Back to future!Colonies of smart ultra small size networkColonies of smart ultra small size networkInteraction of advances in technologyInteraction of advances in technologyVLSI more condense silicon processingVLSI more condense silicon processingVLSI more silicon speedVLSI more silicon speedVLSI low power short range communicationVLSI low power short range communicationMEMS Micro-Electromechanical SystemsMEMS Micro-Electromechanical SystemsNetworking : Ad hoc wireless NetworkNetworking : Ad hoc wireless NetworkDistributed Processing : Operating system, Distributed Processing : Operating system, DatabaseDatabase33Wow!Wow!44ApplicationsApplicationsIt is a special class of sensor networkIt is a special class of sensor networkFine sensing granularityFine sensing granularityApplications :Applications :Forest fire warningForest fire warningEnemy troop monitoringEnemy troop monitoringLarge scale Biology or GeologyLarge scale Biology or GeologySmart office spacesSmart office spacesDefense-related sensor networksDefense-related sensor networksInventory ControlInventory Control556677Circulatory NetGroup of sensors inside the body88Key Features of these Key Features of these electronic particleselectronic particlesPowerPowerSurvive for extended amount of timeSurvive for extended amount of timeComputationComputationProcess Sensor Data and CommunicateProcess Sensor Data and CommunicateSensorsSensorsTo Interface to the environmentTo Interface to the environmentCommunicationCommunicationTo glue the pieces of informationTo glue the pieces of information99What is really behind the race?What is really behind the race?Computer Science!Computer Science!Data FusionData FusionAn efficient semantic to diffuse data in the networkAn efficient semantic to diffuse data in the networkInterpretation of multimodal sensingInterpretation of multimodal sensingAd hoc NetworkingAd hoc NetworkingDynamic Reconfigurable networkDynamic Reconfigurable networkScalabilityScalabilityDistributed ProcessingDistributed ProcessingNetwork Oriented Operating SystemsNetwork Oriented Operating SystemsData AggregationData Aggregation1010Come Back to Reality!Come Back to Reality!COTS DustCOTS DustCommercial Off-The-Shelf ComponentsCommercial Off-The-Shelf Components Dust DustTo enable us the research about the algorithms To enable us the research about the algorithms and semantics and semantics1111ArchitectureArchitectureComputation Brain1-MCU2-FPGALow PowerCommunication Front End1-Acoustic2-RF3-OpticalSensors1-Magnetometer2- Light3-temperature4-pressure5-Hmidity6-AccelerationPower1-Bat2-Sollar3-Vibration4-Acoustic Noise1212ArchitectureArchitecture1313PowerPowerPower: Power: LithiumLithium Battery BatteryBig ProblemBig ProblemLow capacity per unit of mass and volumeLow capacity per unit of mass and volumeNeeds support by sleep mechanism and low Needs support by sleep mechanism and low power techniquespower techniquesNot really so much innovation after Volta!Not really so much innovation after Volta!SolarSolarVibrationVibrationAcoustic noiseAcoustic noiseThermal conversionThermal conversionNuclear ReactionNuclear ReactionFuel CellsFuel Cells1414ComputationComputationComputation: ATMEL91M404000Computation: ATMEL91M404000Micro ControllerMicro Controller Core and variety of different functions Core and variety of different functions Flash , SRAM , E2PROMFlash , SRAM , E2PROMGPIO , ADC , PWM ,ComparatorGPIO , ADC , PWM ,ComparatorEmbedded serial Buses Embedded serial Buses Ex: Microcontrollers Atmel , Microchip, MotorolaEx: Microcontrollers Atmel , Microchip, Motorola Microprocessors Intel Strong-Arms ,Motorola Microprocessors Intel Strong-Arms ,Motorola FPGAFPGANot Traditional Style Of programmingNot Traditional Style Of programmingHardware Descriptive Languages (VHDL, Verilog)Hardware Descriptive Languages (VHDL, Verilog)Faster , Low Power , ReconfigurableFaster , Low Power , ReconfigurableEx: Ex: Xilix,AtmelXilix,Atmel1515SensorsSensorsMotionMotion Sensing SensingMagnetometerMagnetometerStudy 3 Element of Earth Magnetic field (Compass)Study 3 Element of Earth Magnetic field (Compass)AccelerometerAccelerometerTo measure Local vertical (tilt switch) or measure motion To measure Local vertical (tilt switch) or measure motion vectorsvectorsEnvironmentalEnvironmental Sensing(Weather Monitoring) Sensing(Weather Monitoring)PressurePressureBarometerBarometerTemperatureTemperatureLightLightHumidityHumidity1616CommunicationCommunicationAcousticAcousticRF radioRF radioOpticalOpticalPassivePassiveActiveActive1717Acoustic CommunicationAcoustic CommunicationPower HungryPower HungryHigh Background NoiseHigh Background NoiseLarge Size (proportional to harmonics of Large Size (proportional to harmonics of sound)sound)Fast Attenuation CurveFast Attenuation CurveLow communication baud rateLow communication baud rateLow power receiverLow power receiverGood for event driven wake up systemsGood for event driven wake up systems1818RF CommunicationRF CommunicationNew low power techniquesNew low power techniquesNot robust (No fancy Spread Spectrum)Not robust (No fancy Spread Spectrum)ISM BandISM BandFor practical frequencies large ANT For practical frequencies large ANT Size(~Size(~λ)λ)It may have a tail!!It may have a tail!! Only one RF front endOnly one RF front endMCU acts as base band controllerMCU acts as base band controllerCRC,Encoding(Manchester),DC Balance,HeaderCRC,Encoding(Manchester),DC Balance,Header1919RF CommunicationRF CommunicationTrain SequenceFlag ByteNumber OF Byte DATA CRC•No Addressing2020Optical CommunicationOptical CommunicationActiveActiveHigh power High power laserlaser source sourceTransmission of
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