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UNCW LAT 201 - Horace

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15METER: second rlrchilochian {n:rnrecl aiter tl'rc (,reek poet Archiiochus). The first lineof each couplet is dactylic hcxlmcter iscc Catullus 701, rtncl thc seconcl line is ash(xtened vcrsion of the l-re xan-rctcr. TIte trrtttcrn is:--l--l--t--r--lt-t--i---t---:ln lrne I 7, thc word adiciant is pronouncccl adjiciant, nral<ing the tirst syllablcIong, and rn linc 27, thc ctt itr Theseus is rr cliphthong.1 diffugio, diffugere (3), diffngi, to flcc, tlisptrsc. diffugc'rc: diffugcrunt.2 corna, -ae (/J, hlrr, foliagc, Ieat. comae: trotntrretivc pltrrrtl.3 mutat . . . vicOs "(it) untlcrgocs changcs." dCcre sctl, dacrCscere (.3), dc'cre vi,(r7dCcr€tum, to sr-rbside.praetereo, praeterire lirray,.), praeterii, praetcrituln, t0 pass by.Gratia, -ac (/),:r (lracc. Thc threc Graces wcrc persot-tilicrrtions of bcatrty.geminus, -a, -unr, twin. gcrninisque sororibus: i.c., thc othcr two Grltccs.nIdus, -a, -unl, nrtkcd, ttnclothctl. chorus, -i (rri1, a gror.tp of cianccrs.Irnmortalia... diern {8J: wortl orclcr: anuus ct hora, quae almum diern rapit, monet(te) nc immortalia spcrcs. Thc ohjcct of this rvarrtirrg is'ltrrtluatus (1,3). immorta'lia, -orurn (rr p/), imn-rortality. almus, 'a, -Llln, nourishrng, lifc-giving, bountiful.rnitcsco, mitascere (.3), to bcconrc rnild, be softetred. Zcphyrus, -i (rrr), Zcphyl thcwcst wirrrl. protero, protcrcrc (,3), prdtrivi, protritutn, t() wcar away, trautple olt.intcreo, interirc (irrc,q. ), intcrii, intcritunt, to tlic, pe nsh. sirnul: silnul ac.ponrifer, pilrnifera, pomiferutn, irtrit-hc:rring. frug€s, frttgttrn {/ p/], frtrit, producc.bruma, -ae (l), wintcr. iners,zrrcrtis, tnectivc, slLrggisli, Iileless.darnnunt, -i (rr), loss. reparo ll), to reprrir, rcstorc. Hor:tcc is allutlirtg to thernonthly cycle of thc rt-rrrorr. caelcstis,'is, -c, l-rcevcrrly. lrtna, -ac {/), nroon.da'cido, dccidcrc (.1), decidi, to 1:rll ckrwn, sinl< down, perish, die.'quo, to which plrrcc, to whcre, lvlrcle. pius, a, -uttr, tltrtiftrl, clcvotetl. Acn€as...Tullus... Ancus: Acncrrs, thc son of Anchises rtnrl Vcnus, was a Trojan hcro,who, as rccourrtcd in Vergilis Atntitl , jorrrneycrl to Itely to founcl thc l{oruan race;-Itrllus Flostilius antl Anctrs Mrrrcius wrre thc thirtl :rntl ior-rrth l<in.qs of Rttme.l(r pulvis, pulvcris (rrr), dust.l7 an, whcther. adicirt, adiccrc (.]J, adic'ci, adircturn, to tlrlrw on, arltl. hodiernus, -a,um, today'.s, tlf todlry. cristinus, -4, -ulll, trrntofrilw':, ()t toltl()rr()w. sur-nma/ -ae(/.), sunt, t0tal. llcrt, a tlrttrve.l8 supcrus, a, unl, lrbovc, ce lcstirrl.l9 cfnctus, -a, -urn, all. avidtrs, a,'unl, glcetly. amicd: t:rl<c with anitrto {20),"ttryour own sclf," "orr yorrr sclf ."20 dcderis: an irliottrrttic rentlerin.g of thc vcrh clarc, srtch:ts "ttt ttsc" ttr "to s1-rcncl,"may work bcttcl in this contcxt. Corrrrlron sensc anrl usrtgc tltctrttc thet dederisrrnd occidcris 121) are tuture pcrfcct indic:rtivcs rtnrl not pcrfcct sublunctives; tlteiirral r is lon.q to fit thc ureter.semcl, orrcc. occidtl, occidcrc (.1), occidt, occasum, to t:rll, rlrc. Mtnrts, Minois (rrrJ,one of three iudges in thc turtlcrworlrl.arbitrium, -i (rr), iudgnrcnt, vcrrlict.TorquAtus, -i (rrrJ, rr I\rr-r.rrrn rrbout whorn rvc l<now lrttlc. Whirt crln you dcduccrrbout hin'r fnrnr lines l..l l.1i facundia, ae 1/-1, clotlucnce .24 rcstitu6, restitucre (.3), restitui, rcstitaltulll, to rcstorc, bring brrck ito lifc).25 infernus, -al unl, lowcr, ol thr unclcrworltl. tcncbrac, lrruln i/ p1J, rl:rrl<rte ss,shackrws. terrcbris: :rblativc ol seplrrrtion, with ltberat (2(rJ.l)iana, ac (i), thc virgin gotltlcss whonr Hippolytus, tl-rc son of Thcscus, worshipctl.Atter Hrppolytus wrrs l<illed, l)ilnrr trictl h:rrtl to hevc hinr resurrectctl itnd, ac-cordn-rg to Lloracc {note thr: }rrescnt tcnsc ol liberat), rs still tryrng, trnsttcccssfullyrpudicus, .r, unr, ehrl:r... \'irnrru\.27 Lethaeus, -a, -unl, of Lethc, ol the unclcrworltl. ThC'setrs, -i (nr), slaycr of the Mrtro-tilur and l<irrg o{ Atl-rcns, who wcnt with his fricnd l)irithous to l<idr-rap Pcr-scphonc frorn thc untlerrvorltl. Thcy wcrc trickcd into sitting on it bcnch {sotncsay thc brnch of Lt'thc or lorgcttulncss), to rvhrch thcy rvcrc chrrintrl. Hcrctrlcsrescucd Thescus but drd not succL'e(l in lrccing Pirithous. Theser-rs, no'"v dcari anrlin the trnclcrworlcl, cltnnot irce his fricntl, cithe r. carus, a, -um, tlear.28 vinculum, -i (ri), chain. l)irithous, -i (rrrJ, I'}irithous.tt4l0IIl2l.ll4l5llz')2.1IOI52025HORACE IV.7". . . the most beautiful poem in ancient literature."{A. E. Houseman, 1856-1936)Horace celebrutes the arrival of spring (1-6). Why does he introduce theGraces and the Nymphs! For us, what does the arrival of spring signifyand how do we normally respond to the events described in the openinglines!Diffugere nives, redeunt iam gramina campisarboribusque comae;mutat terra vices, et decrescentia ripasflumina praetereunt,Gratia cum Nymphis geminisque sororibus audetducere nuda choros.Immortalia n€ speres, monet annus et almumquae rapit hora diem.Frigora mitescunt Zephyns, ver proterit aestasinteritura, simulpomifer autumnus fruges effuderit, et moxbrlma recurrit iners;damna tamen celeres reparant caelestia lunae:nos ubi d€cidimus,quo pius Aeneas, quo Tullus dives et Ancus,pulvis et umbra sumus.Quis scit an adiciant hodiernae crastina summaetempora di superi?Cuncta manus avidas fugient h€redis, amicoquae dederis animo.Cum semel occideris et dC tC splendida Minosfecerit arbitria,non, Torquate, genus, non te facundia, non terestituet pietas;infernrs neque enim tenebris Diana pudicumliberat Hippolytum,nec Lethaea valet Theseus abrumpere carovincula Pirithoo.l. What does Horace abruptly tell us in lines 7-8? How do his choice and arrange-ment of words make his point stronger?How do lines 9-12 differ from lines 1-6? What seems to be the point here? Showhow Horace has chosen his verbs for the seasons carefully and effectively. How isbnlma rccunit inets (l2l an oxymoron?Lines 13-16 are the exact middle of the poem. What general truth does Horacepresent here? What allusions does he use to enlarge this comment on the humanpredicament?What common Horatian themes are expressed concisely in lines 17-20? Whatdevice do you find in line 23 and why is it lorceful here?In the final lines we are far lrom the opening vision of springtime. ExplainHotace's use o[ myth to generalize a point he made in lines


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