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Chico GEOS 342 - The Moon Project: Topic 4

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The Moon is really just one size The light grows larger every dayThe moon intrigues us with its lightOrganization of the Moon Project (Worth a total of 150 points)Part of ProjectPoint ValueSpecific Requirements are on…Observations and Graphs30 pointsMP–2 through MP–4Teaching of the Lesson10 pointsMP–5Written Reflection on the Lesson20 pointsMP–5 through MP–6Explanations of Concepts (your topic)60 pointsMP–7 through MP–11Completed Lab Activities (all topics)30 pointsMP–11Information, Tables, Graphs and RubricsWhere to find themGrading Rubric for the Explanation of ConceptsMP–13Tables in which to record your observationsMP–15 through MP–20Graphs for you to completeMP–21 through MP–36Tables of Moon FactsMP–37 through MP–48Lab Activities for all Four TopicsC–73 through C–98Example Explanations of ConceptsQuestion #1: What causes the phases of the moon?Question #2: Which way does the moon revolve around Earth?Question #3: Does the moon rotate? If so, how long does one rotation of the moon take?Question #4: Why don’t we get solar and lunar eclipses every month?Completed Lab Activities (All Topics): RequirementsDateDateDateDateDateDateThe Moon Project: Topic 4 – Synodic and Sidereal MonthsThe Moon by Mary Barrett1The Moon is really just one size The light grows larger every dayIt always stays the same, Exactly as it ought'er,But here on Earth before our eyes, But logic tells us we must sayWe see it wax and wane. What looks like half is quarter.The new moon we don't see at all, And then there's gibbous on its wayBut then there is a sliver, To full, the brightest face,The crescent moon is what we call Then swiftly it begins to waneThis slice that makes us quiver. 'Til gone without a trace.These changes happen every night;Each month we see each phaseThe moon intrigues us with its lightIt truly does amaze.Dear God, It is great the way you always get the stars in the right place. Why can't you do that with the moon? Jeff (a young child) Organization of the Moon Project (Worth a total of 150 points)Part of Project Point Value Specific Requirements are on…Observations and Graphs 30 points MP–2 through MP–4Teaching of the Lesson 10 points MP–5Written Reflection on the Lesson 20 points MP–5 through MP–6Explanations of Concepts (your topic) 60 points MP–7 through MP–11Completed Lab Activities (all topics) 30 points MP–111 Mary Barrett is a school teacher in Berkeley, CA. This poem appeared in the Fall/Winter 1999 GEMS Network News. If you plan to teach elementary or junior high school, check out all the wonderful GEMS (Great Explorations in Math and Science) K–8 teacher’s guides in math and science at http://www.lhs.berkeley.edu/gems/gems.html.MP–1MP–2 The Moon Project: Topic #4 – Synodic and Sidereal MonthsInformation, Tables, Graphs and Rubrics Where to find themGrading Rubric for the Explanation of Concepts MP–13Tables in which to record your observations MP–15 through MP–20Graphs for you to complete MP–21 through MP–36Tables of Moon Facts MP–37 through MP–48Lab Activities for all Four Topics C–73 through C–98The Moon Project: Topic #4 – Synodic and Sidereal Months MP–3Purpose: This assignment is designed to give you the opportunity to…• become intimately familiar with the various changes that the moon goes through each month and season.• conduct a genuine scientific research project: to make systematic accurate observations and to use those observations to derive scientific conclusions WITHOUT “looking it up” somewhere.• teach a lesson that guides others to discover scientific concepts for themselves.• reflect on your teaching efforts, documenting successes, problems and ideas for improvement.• write clear, complete, well-illustrated explanations of scientific concepts.Questions to Answer for Topic #41. The amount of time that the moon is out on any given day (or night) varies considerably. In Chico, the amount of time the moon is out ranges from less than 9 hours to more than 16 hours.We know that the sun is out the longest on the summer solstice (± June 21). After that date, the days gradually get shorter and shorter until the winter solstice (± December 21), the shortest day of the year. After the winter solstice, the days gradually get longer and longer until the next summer solstice. In scientific terms, the number of hours that the sun is out increases and decreases in a cycle with a periodicity of one year.The number of hours that the moon is out also increases and decreases in a cycle. What is the periodicity of that cycle? Is it one synodic month? One sidereal month? One year? Or something else altogether? Use one of your graphs to prove your answer. Why does that cycle have the length that it does? Draw diagrams to illustrate your answers.2. What do the longest moon days of all moon cycles have in common (this should “fall out” of one of your graphs)? Why? What do the shortest moon days of all moon cycles have in common? Why? What do the average-length moon days of all moon cycles have in common? Why? Draw diagrams to illustrate your answers.3. The moon, like the sun, travels through the constellations of the Zodiac. How long does it take the moon to go through all of the constellations of the Zodiac? Does it take a synodic month? A sidereal month? A year? Or something else altogether? Why?4. How do we know that it takes the moon exactly 27 1/3 days to complete a 360° orbit of Earth (a sidereal month)? Hint: one of your graphs should provide the information you need.MP–4 The Moon Project: Topic #4 – Synodic and Sidereal MonthsObservations to Make for Topic #4Where to Make Your Observations: The best place to make each observation is in a large open area (a sports field or large parking lot, for example). Required Number of Observations: You must observe the moon on at least 20 different dates; for at least 10 of these observations, you must sketch in the stars and planets that surround the moon. In addition, at least 7 of your observa tions must be made during the waning phases of the moon.2 BEGIN YOUR OBSERVATIONS IMMEDIATELY. If you have trouble at first, keep trying; it gets easier.Suggested Times of Observations: Be sure to make each observation when the moon is actually out. The time period when the moon is out varies from day to day. Use the moonrise and moon-set times in the “Moon Facts” tables to figure out when the moon will be out. Plan carefully to


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