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USC CSCI 577 - ec-07

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NDI & NCS in CSCI 577OutlineWhat is NDI?Common NDIs in CSCI577What is COTS ? (1/2)What is COTS? (2/2)COTS Advantages and DisadvantagesLessons Learned Using NDI (1/6)Lessons Learned Using NDI (2/6)Lessons Learned Using NDI (3/6)Lessons Learned Using NDI (4/6)Lessons Learned Using NDI (5/6)Lessons Learned Using NDI (6/6)NDI Systems DefinitionsTypes of NDI-based systemsWhy use NDI/NCS?Trade-Off’s for TailoringWhen is NDI right for you (1/2)When is NDI right for you (2/2)NDI/NCS is not a “Silver Bullet”Selection of NDI/NCS ComponentsSlide 22Net-Centric Services (NCS)Common NCSs in CSCI577NDI, NCS characteristicsNCS Advantages and DisadvantagesIssues of NCSSlide 28ICM Key ConceptsWhy special cases?ICM Special CasesNDI/NCS based development: Key ConceptsSpecial Case Decision DriverSlide 34Slide 35NDI/NCS based system development processSlide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Examples of OC&PIdentify Objectives & ConstraintsSlide 44Slide 45Slide 46Explore AlternativesSlide 48Slide 49Slide 50Slide 51University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringNDI & NCS in CSCI 577Extended from Jesal Bhuta’s presentation for CSCI577a Fall 2006Supannika Koolmanojwong09/09/09University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringOutline•Non Developmental Item (NDI)–COTS, Open Source Software, Reuse library and Customer-furnished package•Net-Centric Services (NCS)–Web services, Web application, Online application•CSCI577 & Possible special cases–Process decision tables–Architected Agile, Use NDI, NDI-intensive, NCS•Identify Objectives, Constraints and Priorities•Explore Alternatives09/09/2009 @USC CSSE 2University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringWhat is NDI?•Non-Developmental Item–an item that is previously developed and available to use. –commercial-off-the-shelf, open source product, reuse library and customer-furnished package.–2 kinds of NDI•Application NDI : MS office•System NDI: MySQL–Related terms•COTS, GOTS, ROTS, •Reuse Code, Reuse library, Customer-furnished package 09/09/2009 @USC CSSE 3University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringCommon NDIs in CSCI577•Application-NDI–MS office, WordPerfect–OCR software–Business Works–Coldfusion, Dreamweaver•System-NDI–Language: PHP, C++, Java, –Database: MySQL–Server: Apache–Others: Java Libararies09/09/2009 @USC CSSE 4University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringWhat is COTS ? (1/2)•Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) definition by SEI–A product that is•Sold, leased or licensed to the general public.•Offered by a vendor trying to profit from it.•Supported and evolved by the vendor, who retains the intellectual property rights.•Available in multiple copies.•Used without internal modification by a consumer.•Source code may or may not be available.•No longer a COTS if the source code is modified internally@USC CSSE 509/09/2009University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringWhat is COTS? (2/2)•Can be tailored or extended using–An application programming interface (API).–Tailoring options•Graphical interface.•Parameter based interface.•Programmable interface.•Usually periodic releases with feature growth.•Commercial NDI products have a new release about every 10 months, and that old releases are supported by the vendor for about 3 releases. •Older versions eventually become obsolete.@USC CSSE 609/09/2009University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringCOTS Advantages and Disadvantages@USC CSSE 709/09/2009Advantages •Available now, earlier payback •Avoids expensive development & maintenance•Predictable license costs & performance•Rich in functionality•Broadly used, mature technology•Frequent upgrades often anticipate organization’s needs•Dedicated support organization•Hardware/software independence•Tracks technology trendsDisadvantages•Licensing and procurement delays•Up front license fees•Recurring maintenance fees•Reliability often unknown/ inadequate•Unnecessary features compromise usability, performance•Functionality, efficiency constraints•No control over upgrades/maintenance •Dependency on vendor•Integration not always trivial; incompatibilities among different COTS•Synchronizing multiple-vendor upgradesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringLessons Learned Using NDI (1/6)•Problems with vendors–Vendors promise and don’t deliver–Products don’t work as advertised–Don’t assume a quantity discount, negotiate price upfront•Need for flexibility in defining requirements–Distinguish between essential and negotiable requirements. Be flexible where you can.–What we did right - spent 14 out of a total of 22 months iterating between requirements, business processes and the marketplace–If you can bend your requirements, NDI is cheaper. Otherwise you’re better off with custom developed. (Not all projects may be flexible)@USC CSSE 809/09/2009University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringLessons Learned Using NDI (2/6)•Importance of operational demos–Spend a lot of time in detailed performance demonstrations with real users. –Up-front time is critical. That’s when you have leverage with vendors. Once you buy their product, they are a lot less willing to help out.•Assessment of specific attributes–Projects (COCOTS), in the past have expressed regret that they did not spend more time assessing portability, inter-component compatibility, flexibility (of user interface), and installation ease.@USC CSSE 909/09/2009University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringLessons Learned Using NDI (3/6)•Life-cycle issues–Supportability of NDI viewed as a major issue for safety-critical systems–Out of service is a critical problem•contractor purchased source code and will maintain NDI software–Projects, in past have expressed the view that NDI saved money during development but shifted costs to operational side of the life cycle–On-line software maintenance•How do you upgrade systems once they are in place and operating?@USC CSSE 1009/09/2009University of Southern CaliforniaCenter for Systems and Software EngineeringLessons Learned Using NDI (4/6)•Life Cycle Issues (Upgrading)–What is an effective strategy for


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USC CSCI 577 - ec-07

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