CHAPTER 3CHAPTER OUTLINELEARNING OBJECTIVES3.1 Ethical IssuesGeneral Framework for EthicsEthics in the Corporate EnvironmentUnethical vs. IllegalEthics and Information Technology3.2 PrivacyThreats to PrivacyData Aggregators, Digital Dossiers, and ProfilingElectronic SurveillanceElectronic SurveillancePersonal Information in DatabasesInformation on Internet Bulletin Boards, Newsgroups, and Social Networking SitesSocial Networking Sites Can Cause You ProblemsWhat Can You Do?Protecting PrivacyChapter Closing CaseCHAPTER 3Ethics and PrivacyCHAPTER OUTLINE3.1 Ethical Issues3.2 PrivacyLEARNING OBJECTIVES1. Define ethics, list and describe the three fundamental tenets of ethics, and describe the four categories of ethical issues related to information technology.2. Identify three places that store personal data, and for each one discuss at least one potential threat to the privacy of the data stored there.3.1 Ethical IssuesEthical FrameworksUtilitarian approachRights approachFairness approachCommon good approachGeneral Framework for Ethics1. Recognize an ethical issue2. Get the facts3. Evaluate alternative actions4. Make a decision and test it5. Act and reflect on the outcome of your decisionEthics in the Corporate EnvironmentCode of ethicsFundamental tenets of ethicsResponsibilityAccountabilityLiabilityUnethical vs. IllegalWhat is unethical is not necessarily illegal. Ethics scenariosEthics and Information TechnologyFour categories of ethical issues involving IT applications:Privacy Issues Accuracy IssuesProperty Issues Accessibility Issues3.2 PrivacyCourt decisions have followed two rules: (1) The right of privacy is not absolute. Your privacy must be balanced against the needs of society. (2) The public’s right to know is superior to the individual’s right of privacy.Threats to PrivacyData aggregators, digital dossiers, and profilingElectronic SurveillancePersonal Information in DatabasesInformation on Internet Bulletin Boards, Newsgroups, and Social Networking SitesData Aggregators, Digital Dossiers, and Profiling© Ilin Sergey/Age Fotostock America, Inc.Electronic Surveillance© Ilin Sergey/Age Fotostock America, Inc.Electronic SurveillanceSee "The State of Surveillance" article in BusinessWeek See the surveillance slideshowSee additional surveillance slidesAnd you think you have privacy? (video)Personal Information in DatabasesBanksUtility companiesGovernment agenciesCredit reporting agencies© Nicolas Nadjar/Age Fotostock America, Inc.Information on Internet Bulletin Boards, Newsgroups, and Social Networking Sites© Marina Bordjieva/Age Fotostock America, Inc.Social Networking Sites Can Cause You Problems Anyone can post derogatory information about you anonymously . (See this Washington Post article.) You can also hurt yourself, as this article shows.What Can You Do? First, be careful what information you post on social networking sites. Second, a company, ReputationDefender, says it can remove derogatory information from the Web.Protecting PrivacyPrivacy Codes and PoliciesOpt-out Model Opt-in Model© Gunnar/Age Fotostock America, Inc.Chapter Closing Case •The Problem•The Solution•The