Psychology 1230: Psychology of AdolescenceWEB Discussion Topic #27WEB Discussion ProcessHandout SummaryQuiz 2, Multiple ChoiceMethod of Grading EssaysQuiz 2, EssayQuiz 2, TotalSupplementary ReferencesVery Early Heterosexual Dating Relationship Nipped in BudOverview of Peer Relations I LecturePeers: Who are they?Parental vs. Peer RelationshipsThe Declining Influence of Parents?What do children do with their peers? High Tech MethodWhat do children do with their peers? Low Tech MethodWho Cares?Harlow’s workThe Sexual Behaviors of Peer-Isolated MonkeysLongitudinal Studies of Children with Faulty Peer RelationsAlternative Interpretation of Longitudinal StudiesWhat do Peer Relations do for US?More on What they do for UsTypes of Peer Relations (non-exhaustive)What Kind of Peer Relationship was that Again?DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN PEER RELATIONSMORE DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES IN PEER RELATIONSSummary of Peer I Lecture1Psychology 1230: Psychology of AdolescenceDon HartmannFall 2005Lecture 18: Peers I2WEB Discussion Topic #27#27. How peers can help. Psyched III. (Summary/Evaluation due on Monday, October 21st). Peers can have a variety of impacts on us for good or ill. Relate a peer event that profoundly affected you, and indicate the nature of the impact (e.g., on your sense of self; on your notion of what is acceptable), and why it had this impact. Also comment on another discussant’s commentary.3WEB Discussion ProcessGroup #3 due #4 dueWhippets 10/27 (10/26) 11/144♀+1♂ 10/28 (10/28) 11/18GypsyMafia 10/24**JusticeLeague 11/15PithHelmets 11/09MAJACS 10/25 (10/25) 11/11Psyched 11/21----------Note: Anyone can contribute to any WEB discussion; group members are responsible to summarizing the discussion. The last day to contribute to any discussion is 3 days before the due date. Dates in parenthesis indicate the date handed in. Bolded dates indicate that material handed in was incomplete; more is required.**Where is the summary??4Handout Summary Handout WEB Date Date 37. Study Guide #9 10/26 37. Lect. #15b: Moral Devel (Kohlberg) 10/27 38. Lect. #16: Attachment 10/28 39. Quiz 2 from Spring ’05 10/31----- 40. Lect. #17: Autonomy 11/07 41. Handout: Supplemental Project #2 11/04 42. Handout: Supplemental Project #3 11/07 43. Lect. #17b: Family Conflict 11/08 44. Study Guide #10 11/08 45. Lect. #18: Peers 11/105Quiz 2, Multiple ChoiceMaximum=43; Range: 20-42 (3 students scored 42); 100%=42; Mdn.=34.5Score f40- 735-392130-341925-29 620-24 36Method of Grading EssaysDon graded all of question #1 and about 25% of questions #2 through #4Don checked all papers for which the grades for the two questions differed by 3 or more points (approximately 20 papers). Approximately 1/3 of question grades I checked were changed between -1 and +1.5 points. If your question grade was modified (by the note on your paper of a value with my initials) it was slightly more likely to be reduced.The scores on question 1 ranged from 1-10, question 2 from 0-11, question 3 from 2-11, and question 4 from 1-11.-----Note: about 10% of test takers experienced a penalty between -.5 and -1 for failure to follow instructions—e.g., put names on front of essay test rather than back, put answers on wrong pile.7Quiz 2, EssayMaximum: 20+bonus points; Range: 2-22; 100%=20 (4 students had a score of 20); Mdn.≈16Score f20- 615-192510-14205-9 40-4 18Quiz 2, TotalMax.=63+bonus; Range: 23-62; 100%=58; Mdn.=49Score f Grade60- 3 A+55-59 9 A to A+50-54 15 B to A45-49 15 C+ to B40-44 5 D+ to C35-39 7 D- to D+<35 2 E9Supplementary ReferencesBagwell, C. L. , Newcomb, A. F. , Bukowski, W. M. , (1998) . Preadolescent friendship and peer rejection as predictors of adult adjustment. Child Development, 69 (2), 140 - 153. Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1987). Peer relations and later personal adjustment: Are low-accepted children at risk? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 357-389.Rubin, K. H., Bukowski, W., & Parker, J. G. (1998). Peer interactions, relationships, and groups. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, Vol. 3: Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 619-700). New York: Wiley.10Very Early Heterosexual Dating Relationship Nipped in Bud11Overview of Peer Relations I LectureLectureWho Are Peers?Why Study Peers?Animal & Human longitudinal studiesContributions of Peer RelationshipsTypes of Peer RelationshipsCoordinates with Text, pp. 351-53, 361-62, 365-66.Next: Lect. #19: Peers II (Popularity & Friendship)12Peers: Who are they?In age-graded societies, children within a year of age of one another; of a similar level of behavioral complexityHowever, wider age variation true of neighborhood social groups13Parental vs. Peer Relationships Parents PeersHierarchical EqualitarianNurturance CompetitionDependency Reciprocity14The Declining Influence of Parents?15What do children do with their peers? High Tech MethodHi tech (Csikszentmihalyi & Larsen): Experience time sampling16What do children do with their peers? Low Tech MethodDiaries (Zarbatany et al. & Hartmann et al.)•10-14%: Hanging out, Team sports, & Classroom activities •5-9%: Recreational activities, individual sports, study/rehearsal, & eating17Who Cares?Increasing evidence that peers are critical to our eventual adult functioning—and the influence can be either good or badAnimal studiesLongitudinal studies of children who have faulty peer relations, particularly those who are either aggressive or rejected. The review by Parker & Asher (1987 Psychological Bulletin review), indicates that these children are at risk for later problems.18Harlow’s workRaised groups of rhesus monkeys with their mothers and denied them the opportunity to play with peers.Detrimental effects: abnormal behavior ‑ aggressive sexual behavior, withdrawn; never acquire appropriate social behavior; rarely engage in social play19The Sexual Behaviors of Peer-Isolated MonkeysWhen the [isolate] females were smaller than the sophisticated [normally reared] males, the girls would back away and sit down facing the males [an inadequate attempt at sexual posturing], looking appealingly at these would‑be consorts. Their hearts were in the right place, but nothing else was. When the females
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