Initial Proposed Dates2.22.01 Official Start Date3.1.01 Meetings scheduled/attended and research on potential evacuation and filler material3.8.01 Research weight bearing material3.15.01 Read papers, begin brainstorming on designs, purchase material and background reading.3.22.01 Model different designs and evaluate according to the constraints theoretically4.7.01 Begin prototyping and testing of different size tubing and wires with tool constraint, filling4.14.01 Evaluating different prototypes5.1.01 Completion of project and documentationProgress by Checkpoint2.22.01 Official Start Date3.1.01 Meetings scheduled/attended and research on potential evacuation and filler material3.8.01 Research weight bearing material3.15.01 Read papers, begin brainstorming on designs, purchase material and background reading.3.22.01 Model different designs and evaluate according to the constraints theoreticallyCheckpointMATERIAL STILL HADN’T ARRIVED BY CHECKPOINT.PHASE 3.0 COULD NOT BEGINCurrent Status4.30.01 Meeting with Dr. Horowitz.5.1.01 Met with Mark Kuntz, set up lab meeting5.7.01 Wire material arrivesTubing from Wilmer Oncology(Thanks Aaron Barnes)5.8.01 Mark Kuntz, Undergraduate Design Labfurnace, plate (machine shop), potential testing5.9.01 Tubing arrivesMechanical setting/testing of wires5.10.01 Preparation for final presentationMechanical setting/testing/loading of wiresMinimally Invasive PelvicOsteolysis:Evacuation and FillingFelicia ShayFinal PresentationComputer Integrated Surgery IIMentors: Drs. Frassica and WenzAdvisor: Dr. TaylorNOTE: This is not my final draft of my final paper.INTRODUCTION: Modern day medical technology has progressed at such an alarming rate that surgery has become commonplace in medicinal practice. As techniques and surgical skill becomes more and more refined, the limiting factor on perfection of techniques is no longer dependent upon procedure, but rather on human abilities.Computer integrated operating rooms are on the forefront of the new millennium. By allowing computers to play a more integral role in procedures, the accuracy and precision of the surgery is closer to perfection. With these two improvements there is a marked improvement in the post-operative healing time of the patient due to reduced complications caused by infection and increased quality of life in a shorter time frame.My senior design project is one such application of computers in the operating room, planning, and execution. There are two distinct deliverables for the pelvic osteolysis project, both of which are not dependencies upon the other. 1.> Pre-operative registration, planning, and operative tracking with the program.2.> Evacuation and filling of the site down a 1-centimeter canula.My project, the evacuation and filling of the pelvic site deals primarily with the research for the materials, the design of the tools necessary for evacuation and filling, the building, testing, and evaluation of a prototype which is dependent upon my design.GENERAL PROBLEM/BACKGROUNDA pelvic osteolysis is needed as a direct/indirect result of wear on a total hip replacement. The acetabular cup of a total hip replacement is ultra high molecular weight polyethylene or UHMWPE.As the implant ball and the UHMWPE acetabular cup rub against one another, wear particles are released into the system. These minute UHMWPE wear particles causes an inflammatory reaction and eventually causes bone necrosis or bone death behind the UHMWPE cup in the pelvic bone. The texture of the bone is best described as strawberry jam, or a material that is soft but contains fibers.The wear particles are not removed as the bone dies but rather remain at the site and even more wear particles are released, more bone dies. Although this condition is relatively asympotomatic and does not directly cause pain, it is important to note the high possibility of additional complications. As the bone behind the cup gets soft, there is less and less solid pelvic bone for the cup to remain fixed in. Long term, the structural integrity of the entire pelvis is weakened and more fragile. Currently this condition is completely inoperable. The invasiveness of the technique as well as the extended healing time outweighs the benefits of the surgery to the patient. The current method required to complete this surgery would be as invasive as the THR. In order to access the site (5cm X 3cm X 3cm) a large entryportal comparable to the size of the site would need to be exposed to reach and verify if the site was completely devoid of necrosed bone. In order to gain access, the entire pelvis is weaker and less able to sustain weight necessary to walk. Even if the evacuated site was filled with a composite bone cement, the setting time and micromotionof the composite due to the open area would limit the strength of the bone cement to maintain weight.Taking these facts into consideration, technology seems to be the limiting factor that prevents this surgery from taking place. It is the integration of computers, which makes the procedure far less invasive and operable.APPROACHThe original approach is dependent upon the deliverables of researching materials, creating optimal designs, prototyping of the instrument and filling, modeling and evaluation of the prototypes, and integrating them together.The main plan of action was:1.0 CommunicationCommunication is discussing the problem, the achievable deliverables, and the plan of action with the mentors, Dr. Frassica andWenz, and advisor Dr. Taylor. 2.0 ResearchThe research aspect of the plan is to determine the best materials for the tools, osteolysis, and filler. Conceptual ideas and preliminary data derived from the research of others are also important in evaluation of both designs, material wear, and mechanical standards for the end effector design.2.1 Tool2.2 Osteolysis2.3 Filler3.0 Optimal DesignDesign is the longest and one of the most important aspects of the plan. In the end, it was the time absorbing simply because my project was very material dependent. The research from 2.0 wasutilized in the development of design, particularly the weight loading, wear dynamics, and the force generation of NiTi and HAP.4.0 ImplementationOnce the material arrives implementation of design can occur. Machine shop time and material science lab time is required to finish this aspect of the plan.5.0 Integration and TestingTesting of the implementation occurs to test for the best design. Evaluation