Computer and Internet BasicsWhat is a computer?A Computer is a device thatComputer SystemSlide 5Computer system consists of:Computer NetworkLANCOMPUTER FUNCTIONSSlide 10Slide 11Computer FunctionsCategorizing ComputersLess Powerful ComputersPersonal ComputerServersMainframesSupercomputersSlide 19System UnitSlide 21Input/Output DevicesNotesStorage DevicesSlide 25Data vs. InformationDataFilesSoftwareSystem SoftwareSlide 31PlatformApplication SoftwareInternet Basics (Cyberspace)Internet TerminologyInternet BackboneSlide 37Internet ResourcesModem Internet ConnectionsFaster Internet ConnectionsInternet Service Provider (ISP)World Wide Web BasicsSlide 43Browsers and Search EnginesSlide 45Computer and Computer and Internet BasicsInternet BasicsUnit AUnit AWhat is a computer?What is a computer?A computer is a device for A computer is a device for processing data. More processing data. More precisely a computer is a precisely a computer is a device that accepts input, device that accepts input, processes data, stores processes data, stores data, and produces output, data, and produces output, all according to a series of all according to a series of stored instructions.stored instructions.A program is a set of A program is a set of instructions to perform a instructions to perform a task.task.A Computer is a device thatA Computer is a device thataccepts inputaccepts inputprocesses dataprocesses datastores datastores dataproduces outputproduces output(all according to a series of stored instructions)Computer SystemComputer SystemComputer + input devices + output devices + storage devicesPeripheralsComputer SystemComputer SystemComputer system consists of:Computer system consists of:HardwareHardware includes the includes the electronic and mechanical electronic and mechanical devices that process data. devices that process data. Examples: microprocessor, Examples: microprocessor, key board.key board.Peripheral devices Peripheral devices expand expand the computer’s input, output, the computer’s input, output, and storage capabilities.and storage capabilities.Examples: Printers. Examples: Printers. Software: Software: programsprogramsComputer NetworkComputer NetworkA computer network consists of two or more A computer network consists of two or more computers and other devices that are connected computers and other devices that are connected for the purpose of sharing data and programs. for the purpose of sharing data and programs.LANLANA LAN (local Area network) is a A LAN (local Area network) is a computer network that is located computer network that is located within a limited geographical within a limited geographical area, such as a building or area, such as a building or campus.campus.COMPUTER FUNCTIONSCOMPUTER FUNCTIONSComputer Input is whatever is put Computer Input is whatever is put into a computer system.into a computer system.Input can be supplied by a person, Input can be supplied by a person, by the environment, or by another by the environment, or by another computer.computer.Data refers to the symbols that Data refers to the symbols that represent facts, objects, and ideas.represent facts, objects, and ideas.COMPUTER FUNCTIONSCOMPUTER FUNCTIONSComputer manipulate data in many ways, and Computer manipulate data in many ways, and we call this manipulation processingwe call this manipulation processingCOMPUTER FUNCTIONSCOMPUTER FUNCTIONSThe instructions that tell a computer how to carry out the The instructions that tell a computer how to carry out the processing tasks are referred to as a computer program.processing tasks are referred to as a computer program.In a computer most processing takes place in the In a computer most processing takes place in the central central processing unit (CPU)processing unit (CPU) (also known as microprocessor) (also known as microprocessor)A computer stores data so that it will be available for A computer stores data so that it will be available for processing.processing.MemoryMemory is an area of a computer that temporarily holds is an area of a computer that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed, stored, or output.data waiting to be processed, stored, or output.StorageStorage is the area of a computer that holds data on a is the area of a computer that holds data on a permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for permanent basis when it is not immediately needed for processing.processing.Computer FunctionsComputer Functions•Words, symbols, numbers, sound, Words, symbols, numbers, sound, pictures, program instructionspictures, program instructionsInputInputInputInput•Program calculates, sorts modifies dataProgram calculates, sorts modifies data•Uses microprocessor or CPUUses microprocessor or CPUProcessProcessProcessProcess•Memory is temporary holding area (RAM)Memory is temporary holding area (RAM)•Storage is permanent (disk)Storage is permanent (disk)StoreStoreStoreStore•Results of processingResults of processing•Reports, graphs, documents, picturesReports, graphs, documents, pictures•Printer or monitorPrinter or monitorOutputOutputOutputOutputCategorizing ComputersCategorizing ComputersCostCostCostCostUsageUsageUsageUsageSizeSizeSizeSizeCapabilityCapabilityCapabilityCapabilityLess Powerful ComputersLess Powerful Computers•Handheld computer/PDAHandheld computer/PDA•Handheld computer/PDAHandheld computer/PDA•Videogame consoleVideogame console–Sony PlayStationSony PlayStation®®•Videogame consoleVideogame console–Sony PlayStationSony PlayStation®®•PC/microcomputerPC/microcomputer•WorkstationsWorkstations•PC/microcomputerPC/microcomputer•WorkstationsWorkstationsPersonal ComputerPersonal ComputerA PC is designed to meet the computing A PC is designed to meet the computing needs of a person. It typically provides needs of a person. It typically provides access to a wide variety of computing access to a wide variety of computing applications, such word processing, photo applications, such word processing, photo editing, e-mail, etc.editing, e-mail, etc.There are four types: desktop, notebook There are four types: desktop, notebook computers, workstations, and video game computers, workstations, and video game console.console.Workstations are usually powerful desktop Workstations are usually powerful desktop computers for special purposes.computers for special purposes.ServersServersThe purpose of a server is to serve the The purpose of a server is to serve