Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Sea WavesCircular Motion of WaterTypes of WavesSediment Transport Along CoastlinesBeachesRocky CoastlinesSandy CoastlinesSlide 18Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Review: Ocean in MotionSlide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Slide 42Slide 43Slide 44Slide 45Slide 46Slide 47Slide 48Class 12: Tides, Waves, Tsunamis, OceanographyToday’s topics: • Tides• Wave features• Tsunamis• OceanographyClass Updates• Reading: 16.1-16.5• Homework #5 assigned today• Final Exam: Mon. May 9th @ 4pmClass 12: Tides, Waves, Tsunamis, OceanographyOcean Tides - What Causes Them?Ocean Tides From Gravity F ~ M / R2 F = forceM = massR = radiusTidal Pulls: Moon vs. SunWhich exerts a greater pull - Moon or Sun?Daily Tides from the MoonMonthly Tides: Moon Phases & SunExtreme Tideslowtidehigh tideBay of Fundy (Nova Scotia, Canada)Which statement is most correct about spring tides?a. They occur in the spring.b. They occur when the sun, the moon and the Earth all fall on a straight linec. They are the largest high tides on Earthd. Both statements b and c are true.a. Yes, and they would be much LARGERb. Yes, but they would be much SMALLERc. No, we would not have tidesd. Maybe, it depends on the season If Earth didn’t have a moon, would we still have tides?Sea Waves1234Circular Motion of WaterTypes of WavesSediment Transport Along CoastlinesBeachesRocky CoastlinescliffsplaformsSandy CoastlinesBarrier IslandsTsunamisBanda Aceh, Sumatra, IndonesiaDecember 26, 2004Magnitude 9.3TsunamisTsunamisUnderwater fault1.BIG earthquake2.Tsunami generated3.Tsunami AnimationTsunami Example: Sumatra2011 Japan TsunamiReview: Ocean in MotionOceanographyThe OceansOcean Water CompositionSalty OriginWhere do ions go?Salt BalanceSalinity of Ocean SurfaceChanges with depthTop: Mixed ZoneMiddle: Transition ZoneBottom: Deep ZoneFrom North to SouthWater is moving• Warm water cools in North Atlantic• Cold water sinks: cold = densestThe Water PumpAtlantic Deep WaterSurface CurrentsAdding complicationCurrents and WindsCurrents and WindsCoriolis EffectEl Nino-Step 1El Nino-Step 2El Nino-Step 3Southern Oscillation• El Nino and La Nina are the extreme hot and cold parts of the Southern Oscillation