A&P 1st EditionLecture 3Outline of Last LectureI. Chemical Basis of LifeII. Law of conservation of energyIII. Atoms, Ions and MoleculesIV. Chemical BondsV. BiochemistryVI. AcidsVII. BasesVIII.PH ScaleIX. BuffersOutline of Current LectureI. Chemical ReactionsII. Metabolism, Oxidation and ReductionIII. Redox reactionsIV. Organic MoleculesV. Monomers and PolymersVI. CarbohydratesVII. LipidsCurrent Lecture I. Chemical Reactions a. Synthesis reactioni. Making something; bond formationb. Decomposition reactioni. Breaking downc. Displacement reactioni. Breaking and forming a bondii. Ex. Ballroom dancing1. The guy switches dance partnersiii. Uses ATP as cellular energyII. Metabolism, Oxidation and Reductiona. Metabolismi. Breaking things down you’ve eaten These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Catabolismi. Breaks covalent bonds=energyc. Anabolismi. Building ii. Requires energy inputiii. Energy or storage of energyIII. Redox reactionsa. Stripping away electronsi. Electron donors lose elecetronsii. Electron acceptors gain electronsb. Two ways to oxidizei. Lose a hydrogen atomii. Combine with oxygen c. OIL RIGAi. Oxidation is loss of electrons and reduction is gain of electronIV. Organic Moleculea. Functional group is the most important partb. Breaking down things and storing them as your own or using them for energyV. Monomers or Polymersa. Monomersi. Building blocksii. Covalently bond together to form a polymer with the removal of water molecule1. Dehydration synthesisa. Make bond by removing water2. Hydrolysisa. Splitting a covalent bond by the addition of a hydrogen moleculeb. Polymer protein needs breaking downc. Breaking of waterVI. Carbohydratesa. Major monosaccharide’si. Glucose ii. Fructoseiii. Galactoseb. Disaccharidesi. Made by joining monosaccharidesii. Dehydration synthesis1. Piece togetherc. Polysaccharidesi. Giant string of glucose moleculesii. Glycogen1. Only polysaccharide in human muscle tissuesiii. produced by the liver and good for storage of energyiv. quick energy source stored in musclesVII. Lipidsa. Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygenb. triglyceridesi. glycerol plus fatty acidsii. lose water in the process of covalently bondingc. Saturatedi. In circulation longerii. Harder to break downiii. Single covalent bondsd. Unsaturatedi. Healthy because we can break down easierii. Double covalent bondsiii. More kink because of double bondsiv. More liquid=more healthye. phospholipidsi. structural foundation of cell membranesii. tails are always saturatediii. make up cell membranesf. Trans fatsi. Shape of fatty acetalsii. Boil in hydrogeniii. Straightens the tail a littleiv. Makes it more like saturated fatsg. Steroidsi. Cholesterol 1. Precursor to steroid hormones2. Make one small change in a functional group to make a different steroid