Carbon FootprintsCarbon FootprintCO2eDirect vs. indirect emissionsContext for numbersSlide 6Carbon footprint of itemsWhich type of beer would have the highest carbon footprint per pint?Pint of beerWhich food would produce highest carbon footprint for cycling a mile?Cycling a mileThe carbon footprint of manufacturing a new car is ____ compared to the carbon footprint of driving that car over its lifetimeA new carA web searchSlide 15Slide 16Walking through a doorBananasSpending 1$Spending $1Slide 21Road trip10 lbs of trashSlide 24Leaving the lights onSlide 26Having a childA forest fireA bottle of waterSlide 302.5 Acres of DeforestationSlide 32A BurgerThe energy that you use to live and move around came from the sun. Which is a more efficient way to transfer energy from the sun to you?Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Using a cell phoneSlide 39Slide 40Slide 41A ComputerA Computer (and using it)An International FlightSlide 45Slide 46Carbon footprint rankingCarbon FootprintsInformation from How Bad Are Bananas? By Mike Berners-Lee 1Carbon Footprint•Best estimate of full climate change impact of something–Carbon – Usually talking about CO2e (CO2-eq) not actually just carbon –Footprint – Total impact 2CO2e•Total climate change impact of all greenhouse gasses caused by item or activity3Direct vs. indirect emissions•Direct emissions of an item–Manufacturing process –Transportation of item to retailer•Indirect emissions –Everything else–Example: offices in the factory use paper clips made of steel that were mined and have their own carbon footprint4Context for numbers•1 gram of CO2e would be produced if you burned a pea sized blob of gasoline•1 Kilogram (2 lbs) of CO2e would be produced if you burned 2 cups of gasoline •1 Ton of CO2e would be produced if you burned 60 gallons of gasoline5Context for numbers•The average American has a carbon footprint of 28 tons CO2e / year•World GHG emissions are 34 Gt CO2e / year•The global average carbon footprint is ~6 tons CO2e / year / person6Carbon footprint of items•A pint of beer•Cycling a mile •Manufacturing a car•A web search •Walking through the door•A banana •Spending 1$•Road trip (NY to Niagara falls)•10 lbs of trash•Leaving the lights on •Having a child •A forest fire •A Burger•A bottle of water•2.5 acres of deforestation•Using a cell phone •A computer •International flight (LA-Barcelona)7Which type of beer would have the highest carbon footprint per pint?1. Locally brewed at the bar 2. Store bought, locally bottled3. Store bought, bottled elsewhere, imported long distances8Pint of beer•Locally brewed at the bar –300g CO2e•Store bought, locally bottled–500g CO2e•Store bought, bottled elsewhere, imported long distances–900g CO2e9Which food would produce highest carbon footprint for cycling a mile?1. Air-freighted asparagus2. Bacon3. Bananas10Cycling a mile•Powered by bananas–65g CO2e•Powered by cereals with milk –90g CO2e•Powered by bacon –200g CO2e•Powered by cheeseburgers –260g CO2e•Powered by air-freighted asparagus–2,800g CO2e–A hummer has a lower carbon footprint per mile11The carbon footprint of manufacturing a new car is ____ compared to the carbon footprint of driving that car over its lifetime1. Very small2. Roughly equivalent 3. Very large12A new car•Citroen C1, basic spec –6 tons CO2e: •Ford Mondeo, medium spec –17 tons CO2e: •Land Rover Discovery, top of the range –35 tons CO2e: •The CO2e emissions associated with producing the car are comparable to the CO2e emissions out of that car’s tailpipe over its lifetime13A web search•Goggle estimates 0.2 g CO2e for the electricity it uses when you enter a search term•0.1g CO2e for 20 seconds of use from an efficient 20 watt laptop•Local network and servers would use 0.1 g CO2e•Maintenance on the whole system (replacing parts ect.) doubles the above figures•Total = 0.8 g CO2e14A web search•Desktop computers are more power Hungary –~150 watts–0.75 g CO2e for 20 seconds of use–Increases in maintenance and network CO2e –Total = 4.5 g CO2e•Google accounts for just 0.2 g CO2e of that (4%)15A web search•Searching the web non-stop for a year –5 tons CO2e •Does not include –Wearing clothes–Keeping warm–Burning calories –Getting closer to your next need for medical attention –Living in a building that needs maintenance–Ect.16Walking through a door•Automatic door–6.5 feet wide by 8 feet high –Stays open for 18 seconds •Power from electric motors to open door is 1 g CO2e–If the temperature inside is equal to that outside then this is the entire carbon footprint –If it's cold outside (say 20°f) then the footprint jumps to 84 g CO2e because of the energy required to heat that air17Bananas•Bananas have very low carbon footprints compared to other foods –Grown in natural sunlight (not in a heated greenhouse)–They don’t spoil quickly•So instead of shipping them by plane, you can ship them by boat (1% the carbon footprint of flying)–No packaging •Total = 80 g CO2e if shipped from across the world18Spending 1$•In our current energy system it is very difficult to spend a dollar without it adding to your carbon footprint19Spending $1•Exception would be spending on something that reduces net emissions–Minus 220 kg (485 lbs) CO2e on a well executed rainforest preservation project –Minus 2 kg (4.4 lbs) CO2e on solar panels20Spending $1•In the middle of the spectrum would be spending on groceries–620 g (1.37 lbs) CO2e per $1•Flying is among the worst activities for carbon emissions–10 kg (22 lbs) of CO2e per $121Road trip•San Francisco to LA and back (~800 miles)–Banana powered bike•53 kg (117 lbs) CO2e–Bus •66 kg (146 lbs) CO2e–Small efficient car •330 kg (728 lbs) CO2e–Plane •500 kg (1,100 lbs) CO2e–Large SUV•1,100 (2,530 lbs) CO2e2210 lbs of trash•The average US citizen sends 1,250 lbs of garbage to landfills each year •The average US citizen recycles 640 lbs of garbage each year•Landfill emissions are produced when the garbage decomposes (methane)•Sending metals, glass, plastics and paper to landfills (rather than recycling them) forces new materials to be produced for future products –It takes much more energy to make a new product from raw materials than it does to make one from recycled materials2310 lbs of trash•Garden waste –910 g (2 lbs) CO2e•Average trash contents–3.1