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ASU MAT 294 - INSTRUCTIONS FOR MODULE III LAB

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INSTRUCTIONS FOR MODULE III LAB • Work in pairs • Introduction: Snapdragons come in a variety of colors, including red, pink, white, yellow, and orange. Flower color in snapdragons is controlled by a single gene. Three of the alleles at this gene are Red (R), White (W), and Yellow (Y). o RR plants have red flowers. o WW plants have white flowers. o RW plants have pink flowers (Red and White are codominant to each other). o Yellow is dominant over both Red and White. The following genotypes all produce yellow flowers: YY, YW, and YR. • Go to the following website: http://lsweb.la.asu.edu/rosenberg/bio294 o Download and extract the zip file containing the material for Module III • Use the program FlowerPopulation to simulate population level snapdragon crosses. o To use the program:  Choose the number of red, white, pink and yellow parents in the population. Note: For simplicity sake, all yellow parents are homozygous for the yellow allele.  Choose how many offspring will be produced in the next generation  Press Run • Each offspring is generated by randomly choosing a pair of parents and randomly choosing an offspring genotype based on the chosen parents. • The program visually shows the next generation; totals of each observed phenotype are at the bottom of the screen. • Note the “biased mating” checkbox. If this box is unchecked, there is completely random mating. If this box is checked, parents only mate with other flowers of the same color.• Assignment o Part 1  Choose how many red, pink, and white parents you want. These numbers can be as large as you want, but choose at least 10 of each. For this first cross, choose zero yellow parents.  Pick a number of offspring between 100 and 2000.  Make sure you are using random mating (the “biased mating” box is unchecked).  Run the program and record the observed count of offspring phenotypes.  Using the math you have learned, calculate the expected number of offspring of each genotype and each phenotype, assuming Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.  Use a χ2 test to determine whether the observed phenotypes are different from the expected phenotypes. o Part 2  Repeat part 1 but with different numbers of red, pink, and white parents and a different number of offspring. o Parts 3  Repeat as in part 1, but now include yellow parents. Recall that all yellow parents are homozygous (YY), but the offspring may be of any genotype. o Part 4  Repeat as in part 3, but with different numbers of parents and offspring. o Part 5  You have now created 4 parental populations and tested whether the observed offspring match your expectations under random mating. Repeat all 4 populations, using exactly the same numbers of parents and offspring, but use “biased mating”.  Test whether the observed numbers from the biased mating match the expectations you had previously calculated. • Lab report due at the beginning of next class (Thursday, Mar. 10, 2005) o Explain what you did and what you found. If you found significant differences, describe what the difference was. Does biased mating have an effect on the results? If so, what was the


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