Integrative Biology 200A "PRINCIPLES OF PHYLOGENETICS" Spring 2000Quiz 1You may use any books, notes, or references, but you must work independently of other people.To keep the amount of writing under control, please confine the answers to the space provided (but writeclearly and large enough to see!); outlines are fine.1. (10 points) Would you use partial warps as phylogenetic characters? Why or why not?2. (10 points) How might you use the NCBI's (National Center for Biotechnology Information) web site todetermine if a DNA sample you sequenced was contaminated?3. (10 points) The rise of phenetics was partially a response to the subjective nature of evolutionary systematics aswell as a starting point for cladistics. List 3 features of phenetics that are also shared with cladistic analysis.4. (20 points) What are the general steps (and criteria used) in character analysis? Give: a) A list with a onesentence explanation of each; b) An indication of any particular problems faced by morphological and DNA-sequence data for each.(over)5. (10 points) Hennig coined the term semaphoront to fix an organism at a particular stage of its ontogeny. Whywas this necessary in the context of phylogenetic analysis?6. (40 points) Briefly contrast the following pairs of terms (Use diagrams if they help):transformational vs. taxic homologyparsimony vs. compatability anlysisManhattan distance vs. Euclidean distanceepistemology vs. ontologyDNA hybridization studies vs. restriction site studiesLundberg rooting vs. outgroup rootingNeighbor Joining vs. Unwieghted Pair Goup Method (UPGM) for tree buildingprocrustes analysis vs. thin-plate spin analysis in morphometricsContinuous characters vs. discrete-state charactersANOVA vs. correlation
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