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CSUDH TBE 540 - Logo Lesson 1

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Logo Lesson 1What is Logo?Slide 3What does Logo look like?Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8What shapes would these make?Slide 10The REPEAT CommandREPEAT ExampleMore about REPEATSlide 14Did you notice a pattern?Slide 16Logo and Critical ThinkingChanging ThingsWere you correct?Controlling the Logo “Pen”Pen Control CommandsLogo ChallengeSlide 23Logo ColorSlide 25Self-Check for Lesson 1Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Time to Try LogoSlide 35Logo Lesson 1Logo Lesson 1TBE 540-40TBE 540-40Fall 2004Fall 2004Farah FisherFarah FisherWhat is Logo?What is Logo?A programming language (instructions to the A programming language (instructions to the computer to perform a task)computer to perform a task)Created at MIT during a study of artificial Created at MIT during a study of artificial intelligence (see intelligence (see http://el.media.mit.edu/logo-foundation/logo/index.hthttp://el.media.mit.edu/logo-foundation/logo/index.htmlml))Can be used by virtually any student - from young Can be used by virtually any student - from young children through engineering studentschildren through engineering studentsCan be used to create pictures, display text, or Can be used to create pictures, display text, or perform calculations. Some versions can even make perform calculations. Some versions can even make music!music!What is Logo?What is Logo?When Logo is used to create pictures, When Logo is used to create pictures, commands are given to a “robot turtle”.commands are given to a “robot turtle”.Some samples of the “turtle” shape:Some samples of the “turtle” shape:What does Logo look like?What does Logo look like?The simplest form of Logo uses movement The simplest form of Logo uses movement commands to control the “robot turtle”.commands to control the “robot turtle”.Sample commands:Sample commands:FD (or FORWARD) moves the turtle forwardFD (or FORWARD) moves the turtle forwardBK (or BACK) moves the turtle backwardsBK (or BACK) moves the turtle backwardsRT (or RIGHT) turns the turtle to the rightRT (or RIGHT) turns the turtle to the rightLT (or LEFT) turns the turtle to the leftLT (or LEFT) turns the turtle to the leftWhat does Logo look like?What does Logo look like?Each movement command (FD, BK, RT, LT) needs Each movement command (FD, BK, RT, LT) needs more information.more information.FD and BK both require a number, which indicates FD and BK both require a number, which indicates the “turtle steps” to move (steps are very small).the “turtle steps” to move (steps are very small).RT and LT both require the number of degrees in RT and LT both require the number of degrees in the turn.the turn.Examples (notice the space after the command):Examples (notice the space after the command):FD 50 (move forward 50 turtle steps)FD 50 (move forward 50 turtle steps)LT 90 (turn left 90 degrees)LT 90 (turn left 90 degrees)What does Logo look like?What does Logo look like?As the turtle moves, it leaves a “trail” on the As the turtle moves, it leaves a “trail” on the screen. screen. These “trails” make shapes.These “trails” make shapes.Imagine for a moment that you are walking Imagine for a moment that you are walking around the bases of a baseball diamond, around the bases of a baseball diamond, about 30 steps on each side. Assume that about 30 steps on each side. Assume that you are walking forward from base to base. you are walking forward from base to base. Are you turning left or right?Are you turning left or right?Go to the next slide when you finish.Go to the next slide when you finish.What does Logo look like?What does Logo look like?In walking around the baseball diamond in your In walking around the baseball diamond in your imagination, you probably followed these steps (written imagination, you probably followed these steps (written as they would be in Logo):as they would be in Logo):FD 30 (home to 1st base)FD 30 (home to 1st base)LT 90 (turn toward 2nd base)LT 90 (turn toward 2nd base)FD 30 (1st base to 2nd base)FD 30 (1st base to 2nd base)LT 90 (turn toward 3rd base)LT 90 (turn toward 3rd base)FD 30 (2nd base to 3rd base)FD 30 (2nd base to 3rd base)LT 90 (turn toward home)LT 90 (turn toward home)FD 30 (3rd base to home)FD 30 (3rd base to home)Imagine that you were dragging a paint brush when you Imagine that you were dragging a paint brush when you walked. What shape would you have drawn?walked. What shape would you have drawn?What does Logo look like?What does Logo look like?The commands below would make a The commands below would make a square! square! (turtle shown at the end)(turtle shown at the end)FD 30 FD 30 LT 90 LT 90 FD 30 FD 30 LT 90 LT 90 FD 30 FD 30 LT 90 LT 90 FD 30 FD 30What shapes would these make?What shapes would these make?SHAPE 1SHAPE 1FD 30FD 30RT 90RT 90FD 60FD 60SHAPE 3SHAPE 3FD 50 FD 50 LT 60LT 60FD 50FD 50SHAPE 2SHAPE 2RT 90RT 90FD 50FD 50LT 90LT 90FD 50FD 50SHAPE 4SHAPE 4FD 100FD 100RT 45RT 45FD 50FD 50Try these with pencil and paper. Click to check your answers.What shapes would these make?What shapes would these make?SHAPE 1SHAPE 1FD 30FD 30RT 90RT 90FD 60FD 60SHAPE 3SHAPE 3FD 50 FD 50 LT 60LT 60FD 50FD 50SHAPE 2SHAPE 2RT 90RT 90FD 50FD 50LT 90LT 90FD 50FD 50SHAPE 4SHAPE 4FD 100FD 100RT 45RT 45FD 50FD 50The REPEAT CommandThe REPEAT CommandWhen you “walked around the bases”, you may When you “walked around the bases”, you may have noticed that the Logo commands were have noticed that the Logo commands were repeated.repeated.The REPEAT command is used as a shortcut in The REPEAT command is used as a shortcut in place of writing out repeated commands.place of writing out repeated commands.Example: REPEAT 2 [FD 50 RT 90] is the Example: REPEAT 2 [FD 50 RT 90] is the equivalent of equivalent of FD 50 RT 90FD 50 RT 90 FD 50 RT 90FD 50 RT 90Notice that the number of repeats comes first, with Notice that the number of repeats comes first, with the commands to be repeated inside square the commands to be repeated inside square brackets.brackets.REPEAT ExampleREPEAT ExampleTo make a To make a SQUARESQUAREFD 30FD 30LT 90LT 90FD 30FD 30LT 90LT 90FD 30FD 30LT 90LT 90FD 30FD 30OR…to make a SQUAREOR…to make a SQUAREREPEAT 4 [FD 30 LT 90] REPEAT 4 [FD 30 LT 90] This version actually adds This version actually adds another LT 90 to the list, but another LT 90 to the list, but


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