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UVM PA 395 - Renewable Energy

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Slide 1Presentation OverviewClean Energy GroupI. Clean Energy Action at the State LevelStates As New LeadersII. Where Vermont Is Today: Undiversified PortfolioVermont’s Electricity PortfolioChallenges for VermontIII. New Vermont Renewable Laws: Gaining Control of Vermont’s DestinyVermont’s New Policy ToolsIV. Renewables Portfolio StandardState Renewables Portfolio Standards and Purchase Mandates – 20 States and D.C.Potential Impacts of State RPS Policies Are SignificantThe Early Positive Impacts of State RPS PoliciesRPS Design ProblemsThe Most Important Lesson Learned to DateVermont Procurement Performance StandardSPEED ProgramRPS/SPEED Implementation IssuesV. State Clean Energy FundsStates As New Clean Energy InvestorsState Funds Funding LevelsVermont Clean Energy Development FundFund Strategic GoalsStrategic ModelsFunds: Technology Scope/Project AreasCommon ProgramsTechnology-Specific Support: WindTechnology-Specific Support: Solar PVTechnology-Specific Support: BiomassIncentive Designs Used by State Funds Are DiverseAdministration Issues to ConsiderFund Administration: Many ModelsInnovative Organizational Structures: Taking Best From All ApproachesVI. Vermont Fund Recommendations1New Vermont Clean Energy Policies:Effective ImplementationRenewable Energy – A Vision for Vermont4th Annual Renewable Energy ConferenceMark Sinclair, Vice PresidentClean Energy GroupSeptember 21, 20052Presentation OverviewI. States as New Clean Energy LeadersII. Vermont Energy ContextIII. Vermont’s New Renewable ToolsIV. Renewable Portfolio StandardV. State Clean Energy FundsVI. Recommendations for Vermont Implementation3Clean Energy Group CEG is a US-based, NGO that works to accelerate commercialization of clean energy technologies through:Advocacy & EducationFunds Support Technology InnovationNew Financial Vehicleswww.cleanegroup.org4I. Clean Energy Action at the State LevelRenewable Energy Policy in the US is largely driven by state actionsRenewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) and State Purchase Mandates in 20 States and Washington, DCRenewable Energy Funds in 17 States5States As New LeadersExplosion of state action: 1990s – 2005SBCs, RPS, FCs, climateNonpartisan, bottoms-up learning, collaborativeClean energy is DevelopmentTexas leading; Vermont followingState Clean Energy Support28 States + District of Columbia28 + DC17 State Funds + DC, 20 RPS + DC, Fuel Cells and Hydrogen, and Carbon Trading“It is one of the happy incidents of the federal system that a single courageous State may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country.”-Justice Louis Dembitz Brandeis6II. Where Vermont Is Today: Undiversified Portfolio7Vermont’s Electricity Portfolio47% Hydropower; 34% Nuclear; 4% BiomassLower generating emission rates (CO2, NOx, SO2) than other statesElectricity growth: 1 to 2% per year, greater in Chittenden CountyLoad growth since 1984 fulfilled by renewables: McNeil, Searsburg, small hydro8Challenges for VermontReplace 550MW of Vermont Yankee and Hydro Quebec Power 2012-2015Maintaining low carbon portfolioMore portfolio diversityWind siting challengesNeed for distributed generationNeed for more efficiency investmentVolatile wholesale market prices9III. New Vermont Renewable Laws:Gaining Control of Vermont’s DestinyAct 61 & Act 74: Response to Vermont challengesLegislative objective – stimulate development of in-state renewables, combined heat & power, and efficiency GoalsDiversify portfolio with renewable generationAchieve more cost effective efficiencyPromote small-scale, customer-sited generation, especially in load pocketsInduce development of in-state renewable resourcesOne major failing: focus is only on putting breaks on load growth, not on replacement of power supply contracts10Vermont’s New Policy ToolsRenewable procurement requirement“Sustainably Priced Energy Enterprise Development” or SPEED programEasier grid interconnection standards for renewablesElimination of cap on Energy Efficiency Utility budgetPerformance-based regulation Least cost integrated planning requirement for transmissionCHP programClean Energy Development Fund11IV. Renewables Portfolio StandardWHAT IS IT???Requirement on retail electric suppliers…to supply a minimum percentage or amount of their retail load…with eligible sources of renewable energy.12State Renewables Portfolio Standards and Purchase Mandates – 20 States and D.C.WI: 2.2% by 2011 NV: 15% by 2013 TX: 2880 MW by 2009PA: 8% by 2020NJ: 6.5% by 2008CT: 10% by 2010MA: 4% new by 2009ME: 30% by 2000NM: 10% by 2011CA: 20% by 2010 MN (Xcel): 825 MW wind by 2007 + 10% by 2015IA: 105 aMWMD: 7.5% by 2019RI: 16% by 2019HI: 20% by 2020AZ: 1.1% by 2007 NY: 24% by 2013CO: 10% by 2015DC: 11% by 2022MT: 15% by 2015New since Jan 1, 2004Significant revision since Jan 1, 200413Potential Impacts of State RPS Policies Are Significant01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,000CaliforniaNew YorkPennsylvaniaMinnesotaTexasNevadaMassachusettsMarylandColoradoNew JerseyConnecticutArizonaNew MexicoWisconsinIowaRhode IslandWashington, D.C.HawaiiMaineNew Renewable Energy Capacity by 2017 (MW)Total: 25,778 MWMontana & Vermont not included in tabulation14The Early Positive Impacts of State RPS PoliciesTexas: Over 1100 MW of wind installed since RPS establishedMinnesota: 425 MW wind and 33 MW biomass under original mandate; lots more wind on the wayIowa: Policy met with 250 MW of wind some time agoWisconsin: 140 MW of RE so far, with more on the wayNevada: Initial procurement led to 277 MW of RE contracts; more since thenArizona: 7 MW PV, 5-10 MW LFG, 3 MW biomass, 15 MW wind (contract), 20 MW geothermal (contract)New Mexico: Contributor to 204 MW wind project installed in 2003; additional projects on the wayMassachusetts and Connecticut: Merchant LFG, wind development, biomass repowering and re-development15RPS Design ProblemsLack of Long Term ContractsMajor problem in Northeast, where retail competition exists and where renewable energy sources are more expensiveForce Majeure Clauses and Cost CapsNew RPS policies increasingly including a lot of “wiggle room” to possibly allow escape from full compliance (e.g., MT, PA) Use of Non-Compliance PenaltiesFull compliance not being achieved (NV, AZ) or unlikely to be achieved (CA) in some cases… will penalties be used to enforce compliance?Design ComplexityWill design


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