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TAMU PSYC 307 - Socioemotional Development in Infancy
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Developmental Psychology Lecture 511/29/20081Developmental Psychology-307Socioemotional Development in Infancy1/29/20082What is emotion?z A state of physiological response to subjective feelings & cognitions that necessitate actionDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 521/29/20083Nature of Emotionsz Emotions are complex feelingsz Stem from physiological and psychological arousal– in response to perceived or imagined stimuli z Emotions tell us something about temperament, adjustment, and sociability1/29/20084Primary/Secondary EmotionsPrimary Emotions are instinctive (adaptive responses) to a given situation-Fight or flight (autonomic) responses that may be evolutionary in originSecondary Emotions are secondary reactions to primary emotions-Can be learned through socializationDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 531/29/20085Primary/Secondary EmotionsHorror, Nervousness, PanicFearDisappointment, Suffering, ShameSadnessIrritation, Exasperation, RageAngerAmazement, AstonishmentSurpriseCheerfulness, Zest, PleasureJoyAffection, Lust, LongingLoveSecondaryPrimary1/29/20086Positive & Negative Emotionsz Positive z NegativeDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 54Social & Emotional DevelopmentEarly social and emotional development as characterized by the dyadicdyadic relationshipTypically, this is the caregiver-infant interactionThis relationship is bi-directionalEthological TheoryEarly social behaviors between infant and caregiver are the result of evolutionary processesSocial bond developed because the human infant is relatively helpless at birthRelationship with primary caregiver (Mom) keeps her near and motivates her to provide proper careDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 55Ethological TheoryInfant promotes caregiving by its behaviorsMaking interactions pleasantIts appearance -- which we find cuteReduce distress when caregiver is attendingCaregiver has innate sense of caregivingReads infant’s signalsKnows how to reactCan evaluate when one has been effectiveResults in ATTACHMENTConcerned with socializationsocializationChild’s behavior is shaped to match society’s roles and belief systemCaregiver-infant interaction is also believed to be bi-directionalNot due to evolution but to learning/conditioning/reinforcementInfant’s vocalization and smiling can be shaped by reinforcementEnvironmental/Learning TheoriesDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 56Cognitive-Developmental TheoriesBelieve that infants and caregivers develop internal working modelsinternal working models of the otherUse these models to interpret each other’s behaviors and predict themVygotsky perspectiveGuided participation in the attainment of social skillsInitially caregiver directs social learning, then allows the child to leadMutual RegulationRequires effective communication between caregiver and infantCryingDarwin believed that crying provided information to the mother about its conditionSoon comes under the infants’ controlIn order to be communicativeDifferent types of cries (pain, hunger, etc.)Caregivers must be able to discriminate the criesDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 57Emotions Caregivers can use infants’ affective expressions to gauge their underlying emotionsThey can then modulate their own behavior to affect infants’ emotionsWe learn which activities make an infant smile and which make them cryEmotions The social role of mother in infants’emotional expressions is not limited to modelingInfants’ smile more while playing when mom is looking at them rather than looking awayCommunicating their pleasure when mom is attending themDevelopmental Psychology Lecture 58Emotion In order for there to be an emotional interaction, infants must be able to discriminate affective expressions6-week-olds do not seem to be able to discriminate facial expressionsYoung-Browne et al. (1977) tested 3-mo-olds’


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TAMU PSYC 307 - Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Type: Miscellaneous
Pages: 8
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