DOC PREVIEW
UT PHY 317K - Final Exam Study Guide
Type Study Guide
Pages 12

This preview shows page 1-2-3-4 out of 12 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 12 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 12 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 12 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 12 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 12 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

PHY 317K 1st EditionFinal Exam Study Guide: Lectures: 1 - 20Introduction/Doing PhysicsLecture 1- Significant Figures:o Non-zero digits are always significant o Any zeros between two significant digits are significanto Zeros at the end are significant ONLY if there is a decimal pointo Zeros to the left of the first nonzero digit are NOT significantMotion in a Straight LineLecture 2The Five Big Equations:1. Missing acceleration: x = ½(v₀ + v)t2. Missing displacement: v = v₀ + at3. Missing final velocity: x = v₀²t + ½at²4. Missing initial velocity: x = vt - ½at²5. Missing time: v² = v₀² + 2axPractice Problems:1. A car traveling in a straight line has a velocity of 2.03 m/s at some instant. After 7.34 s, its velocity is 12 m/s. What is its average acceleration in this time interval?2. An object is released from rest on a planet that has no atmosphere. The object falls freely for 3 m in the first second. What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on the planet?3. An object is shot vertically upward into the air with a positive initial velocity. What correctly describes the velocity and acceleration of the object at its maximum elevation?Answers:1.1.35831 m/s^22.6.0 m/s^23. zero; negativeMotion in Two and Three DimensionsLecture 3When there is a constant gravitational acceleration:- Vx = vx0 o The horizontal final velocity is equal to theinitial horizontal velocity- Vy = Vy0 – gt o The final vertical velocity is equal to the initial vertical velocity minus gravity multiplied by time- X = X0 + Vx0t o The horizontal distance is equal to the initial horizontal position plus the initial horizontal velocity multiplied by time- Y = Y0 + Vy0t – ½ gt^2 o The final vertical position is equal to the initial vertical position plus the initial vertical velocity multiplied by time subtracted by ½ of gravity time squaredPractice Problems:1. (a) The tallest volcano in the solar system is the 20 km tall Martian volcano, Olympus Mons. An astronaut drops a ball off the rim of the crater and that the free fall acceleration of the ball remains constant throughout the ball’s 20 km fall at a value of 4.3 m/s2. (We assume that the crater is as deep as the volcano is tall, which is not usually the case in nature.) Find the time for the ball to reach the crater floor.(b) Find the magnitude of the velocity with which the ball hits the crater floor.2. (a) A tennis ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of +6.1 m/s. What will the ball’s velocity be when it returns to its starting point? The acceleration of gravity is9.81 m/s2.(b) How long will the ball take to reach its starting point?Answers: 1. (a) 96.4486 s (b) 414.729 m/s2. (a) −6.1 m/s (b) 1.24363 sForce and MotionLecture 41. First Law of Motion: A body in uniform motion remains in uniform motion and a body atrest remains at rest, unless acted on by a nonzero net force- If there is no net force acting on an object, velocity is constant2. Second Law of Motion: The rate at which a body’s momentum changes is equal to the net force acting on the body- F = ma- Momentum is the quantity of motion, the product of mass and velocity3. Third Law of Motion: If object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts an oppositely directed force equal magnitude on A.- States that forces come in pairsPractice Problems:1. Consider a book that remains at rest on an incline asshown. Draw the free body diagram.2. Compare the normal force exerted on the book by theinclined plane and the weight force exerted on the bookby the earth.Are they equal in magnitude?3. Are they opposite in direction?Answers:1. 2. No because they are not equal in magnitude. The normal force given by N = mgcosθ, with θ the angle the incline makes with the ground. Since | cos θ| is less than 1 as long as the incline isnot horizontal, the magnitude of the normal force, N, will be less than the magnitude of the weight, m g.3. No, the normal force acts perpendicular to the surface of the inclined plane.Using Newton’s LawsLecture 5Friction: - Friction acts between surfaces to oppose their relative motion- The strength of friction depends on the normal force acting perpendicular to them- When surfaces aren’t in motion, the force is static frictiono Fs ≤ usN- For surfaces in relative motion, the force is kinetic frictiono Fk = ukN- Friction can slow down an object but not change its direction- For an object to move, the applied force must be greater than the frictional forcePractice Problems:1. Consider the 679 N weight held by two cables shown below. Theleft-hand cable had tension T2 and makes an angle of 44◦ with theceiling. The right-hand cable had tension T1 and makes an angle of48◦ with the ceiling. What is the tension in the cable labeled T1 slanted at an angle of 48 degrees?2. What is the tension in the cable labeled T2 slanted at an angle of 44◦?Answers:1.488.729 N2.454.617 NReviewLecture 6Normal Force:- Perpendicular to the surface- Normal force increases with mass- Constant velocity = same normal force- Acceleration changes normal force (example is an elevator going up or down)- Tension decreases normal forceWork and Conservation of EnergyLecture 7- Work is equal to force times distance- Work done at an angle is equal to F cosine theta times delta x- Conservation of energy:There are two types of energy:- Potential Energyo Position of the object in a force fieldo PE = mgh- Kinetic Energyo KE = ½ mv^2o Depends on the motion or speed of an object- Non-Conservative Force: Work depends on the path when friction is involved (friction can be air resistance or anything that is an opposing force)- Conservative Force: Work does NOT depend on the path, so regardless of the path that the object takes, the work is the sameo KEi + PEi = KEf + PEf o The summation of the initial kinetic and potential energy is equal to the final kinetic and potential energyPractice Problems:1.A cart loaded with bricks has a total mass of 21.6 kg and is pulled at constant speed by a rope. The rope is inclined at 27.8 ◦ degrees above the horizontal and the cart moves 31.7m on a horizontal floor. The coefficient of kinetic friction between ground and cart is 0.329. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2 .How much work is done on the cart by therope? 2. A weight lifter lifts a mass m at constant speed to a height h in time t. How much work W is done by the weight lifter? 3.A block of mass 4 kg,


View Full Document
Download Final Exam Study Guide
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view Final Exam Study Guide and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view Final Exam Study Guide 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?