1. Chapter 5GOVT 370L 1st Edition Exam 2 Study GuideUrban Politics Review Sheet 1. Chapter 52. Al Smith 19283. Irish Catholic from NYC for president 4. Gained support among immigrant voters because he opposed Prohibition and he was Irish Catholic (taught immigrants that politics was not local but national)5. Candidate of prostitute, gambling etc 6. 1st dem of the civil war to carry Massachusetts 7. Doubled the vote almost exclusively in cities/ awakened immigrant vote in the cities for national politics (Italians, Polish)a. Also helps shift blacks to vote for him based on positions8. Helped soften up cities to vote Democratic for FDR ultimately (the dems get urban votes)9. Bonus Army10. The Bonus Army was the name of an assemblage of World War I veterans, their families, and affiliated groups who gathered in Washington, D.C., in the spring and summer of 1932.11. They demanded immediate cash-payment redemption of their service certificates.a. Government said noi. Veterans began going coast to coast picking people up1. Veterans and families in a caravan styleii. Create a hooverville encampment in D.C.1. Used military force to remove people (Hoover to MacArthur)b. MacArthur burns the Hoovervillec. Threw tear gas and rounded kids up with bayonet and burned their stuf angered the American people d. Only battle where MacArthur, Eisenhower, and Patton were all on the same field12. Civilian Conservation Corps13. A public work relief program that operated from 1933 to 1942 in the United States for unemployed, unmarried men from relief families, ages 18–25.These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.a. Sent men into parks to plan trees. 14. A part of the New Deal of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.15. It provided unskilled manual labor jobs related to the conservation and development of natural resources in rural lands owned by federal, state and local governments/ designedto stimulate, regulate, and stabilizr the most important econ institutions of the econ a. Dem base expands dramatically in Americab. Growth of new deal coalition salvaged savings, houses, and farms/ bring stability to financial institutions than to fight poverty and destitutionc. 75% AA vote for Roosevelt and 60% of midd class 16. Great Depression era17. Lasted over a decade and touched all classes/ people in dif income levels persuaded local officials that it was legitimate to seek federal assistance) a. Unemployment around 20% throughout most of it i. People start flooding into the American cities looking for jobsb. Where did a lot of the people go looking for work? Cities i. 1932: ¼ of homeowners lost homes 1. The banks were calling in notes2. They went to Hoovervilles (most hated pres in American hist)- clusters ofcardboard, scrap wood, and scrap metal shacks in empty lots and city parks 3. The rep are known for states doing state stuf and nat govt responsible for nat govt c. Cities funded by property taxes (homes), if no one owns home anymore and banks are also folding then city has no moneyd. City spending lots of money on infrastructure (borrowing heavily), loosing homes due to growing pop and developmental needs no money, free fall on city start looking at nat govt for help18. Impact on citiesa. Cities were in massive debt at this time due to the heavy borrowing they had engaged in due to growing populations and developmental needs.b. With the collapse of homeowners, the cities had to still pay loans back and there are no property taxes.c. Cities were bankrupting and needed national help.d. Cities were going broke and couldn’t support their populations.e. Demanded help from feds by 1932.f. Shift from dual federalism to cooperative federalism19. Hoovervilles20. Ramshackle, do it yourself housing on the edged of cities21. Extreme poor lived in these once the Depression hit22. Allegedly Hoover let the nation slide into depression so they were names after him23. Klu Klux Klan24. Groups attracted to ita. White Protestants that saw the immigrants “ruining” American society.b. Lower middle class fundamentalists Christians/ less educatedi. Rising xenophobia Emergency Quota Act 1921 (midd class support) reaffirmedthe exclusion of Chinese/ cutting immigration by ethnic groups that had come into the US since 189025. Klansmen filled prominent positions in the police, the courts, and the city government. Newspapers sanctioned their activities and important local businesses like Coca-Cola advertised in their publications. a. Social clubb. Enforcement of the prohibition- keep all the Americans they don't like in placec. There is no long standing white hist: everyone was identified by their ethnicities, not “white”26. 1st gen- anti black and anti civil war/ group fell of because they didn't have to sustain anger27. 2nd gen of the clan burns crosses28. Groups targeted by ita. They basically hated everyone that was not white Protestant. Particularly they went after immigrants, blacks, Jews, Catholics and other minority groups.29. Goals in 1920sa. Their goals were to curb immigration and bring the influence of the white Protestants back to society.b. They saw ethnically diverse urban areas as diluting American society and wanted to reverse this process.30. New Deal31. The New Deal was a series of economic programs implemented in the United States between 1933 and 1936.32. New Deal partially designed to give jobs to the poor and unemployed/ get people busy and prevent them thinking about revolution 33. They were passed by the U.S. Congress during the first term of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.34. The programs were Roosevelt's responses to the Great Depression, and focused on the "3 Rs": Relief, Recovery, and Reform.35. New Deal Coalition36. The New Deal Coalition was the alignment of interest groups and voting blocs that supported the New Deal and voted for Democratic presidential candidates from 1932 until the late 1960s.37. It made the Democratic Party the majority party during that period38. It included the Democratic state party organizations, city machines, labor unions and blue collar workers, minorities (racial, ethnic and religious), farmers, white Southerners, people on relief, and intellectuals.a. The Democratic “New Deal Coalition” b. [1] Blue Collar Workers & Organized Labor c. [2] “Big City” Political Organizations in the Industrial Midwest & Northeast