HIST 100 1st Edition Lecture 11 High Middle Ages Notes continued Charlemagne - He and his brother Cariolman inherited empire - Removed lombards from Italy, battle against moorsMassacre of Verden - 4500 captured Saxons - attempted to Christianize the empire Crowned Emperor - Christmas Day - First Roman emperor in 400 years - Exclusive rights - Authority over local economy - Protection of common interest o Unions today - To learn a trade means apprentice then master craftsman Universities - Community of teachers and scholars - Origins in guilds, Christian monasticism and cathedrals o Still important intellectual and cultural debts - Stadium general o Students from everywhere o Higher learning o Significant part of teaching done by masters o Some degree of autonomy done by local civil and authorities - Academy, lyceum, Stea, Alexandria, Ephesus Pergamum - Cultural and administrative predecessors of modern universities - Scholasticism how universities taught, philosophical and theological system - Knighthood o Roman o Service to God and King These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o Tournament and jousting o Alternative to destructive fighting o Became dangerouso Est. code of ethics  rigorous  Gender, class, status o Chivalry “horse soldier”  Song of Roland Behavior and ethical code of nobility General Overview - 1001-1300 Europe was largely settled, barbarian invaisions cease- increased population, stability art, architecture and literature - spread of scholasticism and philosophy Church Reform - Sinjony - Pope John XII Peace of God - Grassroots movement for reform - Assemblies and individual demonstrations o Multiplied, everyone had the same complaint First Mass Movement in western History - Just Cause - Expansion from Islamic empire - Persecution of Pilgrims - Destruction of holy sepulcher in Jerusalem - Islamic reforms in Spain and North Africa o Almahads and almoravids - Fought justly - Declare by a just authority o Pope Urban II o Council of ClermontCrusades - Large scale military campaign to “win back” holy land- Only war is formally sanctioned by church - Larger context than simply religion- Justification of warfare and development of idea Truce of God First Crusade- Only successful - Captured Jerusalem - Est. of Crusader Estates Christian Military Orders knights Templar, knight Hospitaler, Teutonic Knights - Elite standing army of crusader states- became bank of western Europe- Development of checks Impact of Crusades - Increased wealth of Italian States - Decrease in feudalism - Interest in travel and geography - Revival of trade - First widespread attacks - Intellectual interaction o Sicily and Spain - Goth jagged darker religious pointy- Originally meant barbarian o After collapse of classical society  more smooth o Roman Empire and Barbarian clashes o Germanic and French artistic movement o Fresco and stained