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TAMU HIST 106 - Crisis of Confidence and Reagan
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HIST 106 1st Edition Lecture 23 Outline of Last Lecture VOCAL MINORITIES AND THE SILENT MAJORITY• Women’s MovementTwo Wings of FeminismWomen’s RightsWomen’s LiberationFeminism and RaceThe Sexual RevolutionResisting the Revolution• Black PowerStokely Carmichael and Black Power in the SouthThe Black Panthers• Power in Brown, Red, and YellowMexican Americans, Cesar Chavez, and the ChicanosNative Americans and the American Indian MovementAsian Americans and pan-Asian unity• Gay Liberation• The Counterculture• Backlash and conservative resurgenceCRISIS OF CONFIDENCE– Nixon and the WorldVietnam, Cambodia, and Laos1973: Paris Peace AccordsDétente: China and the Soviet Union– “The Imperial Presidency” and Watergate– The Lean YearsStagflationOil Crisis– Crisis of ConfidenceFrom Ford to CarterIranian Hostage CrisisCurrent LectureCRISIS OF CONFIDENCE1) Nixon and the Worlda) Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laosb) 1973: Paris Peace Accordsc) Détente: China and the Soviet Union2) “The Imperial Presidency” and Watergate3) The Lean Yearsa) Stagflationb) Oil Crisisi) Arab Israel war- oil prices go through roof(1) Not enough to go aroundii) Kissinger sent for 2 years to middle east(1) Nixon warns people of coming shortageiii) Preparedness(1) Appoints energy czar(2) 10% less air travel(3) Congress lowers speed limits to 55(4) Extends daylight savings time into winter(5) Asks Americans to reduce air travel, work and school hours, and to turn down thermostats by 6 degrees4) Crisis of Confidencea) From Ford to Carteri) Democratic comeback in congressii) Carter(1) Emphasized commitment to family(a) Won democratic candidate on first ballot(b) Wins presidency over Ford by slim margin (2) Accomplishments(i) Stimulus package for public works(ii) Expands tax credits for low income and food stamps(iii) Appoints more women and blacks to government positions(iv) Backs environmental regulation initiatives(v) Creates department of energy(vi) Deregulates airlines, trucking, and communications(3) Human Rights(a) Wanted to reform CIA(b) Cut down on intervention in other countries(c) Eased tensions between US and USSR(d) Improved diplomatic relations with china(e) Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (Salt 2)(i) Limited number of missiles and bombers each side could have(4) Camp David Accords(5) Crisis of Confidence Speech(a) About the energy crisis(b) Said one of real problems is American is having crisis of confidence(i) Wanted them to make sacrifices and show faith in their leaders(c) Back drop of greatest disaster of his Presidencyb) Iranian Hostage Crisisi) Iranian revolution 1979(1) Militant shiats take over iran(2) Carter allows shaw to enter US for cancer treatement(a) They then take over the american embassy in iran(b) Take 79 hostages(3) Hostage Situation(a) Cut ties with Iran(b) Kick out Iranians studying in USLECTURE OUTLINE FORREAGAN AND AMERICA IN THE 1980S1) Ronald Reagan and the New Righta) Supportersi) Goldwater Republicsii) Neoconservatives(1) Former liberals who had grown from not trusting the governmentiii) Regan democrats(1) Democratic voters(2) White northern working (3) Drawn to his fiscal responsibilityiv) White Southerners(1) Democratic(2) Completed their shift from democratic to republicanv) Conservative Evangelicals(1) Group mobilized in defense in family and traditional valuesb) Supportedi) States Rightsii) Recognized power of conservative Christians(1) Stopped supporting abortion(2) Endorsed amendment to constitution for prayer in school(3) Approved of creationalism to be taughtc) The Great Communicatori) Political hero was FDRii) Graduated from college during the great depressioniii) Became actoriv) In 1966 ran for governor of California and won election and reelection in 1970v) Lost to carter for presidency in 1976, but set him up to win in 1980vi) Argued US was exceptional nation with capacity to do anythingvii) 2 months into presidency, shot (1) Wounds kept him in hospital for weeks(2) Calmed people with his bright outlook and humor even during this timed) “Star Wars”i) Reagan’s Strategic Defense Initiative2) Foreign policy and “The Evil Empire”a) The U.S. in the Western Hemispherei) All problems blamed on Castro and Cuba problemsii) Invasion of Grenada(1) First major military move since Vietnam (2) UN didn’t support invasion(3) Said it was stunt to prove we could win warb) The U.S. and the Middle Easti) US meets with Afghani Opposition(1) Sends in marines ii) Bombing in Beirut(1) Gets marines pulled out of Lebanoniii) Orders bombing of targets in Libyaiv) Iran-Contra Scandal(1) Oliver North(a) Argued what he did was in the name of being a patriot(b) Lied to congress, shredded evidence, kept Regan out of loopc) The U.S. and the Soviet Unioni) Mikhail Gorbachev(1) Ended soviet role in conflict(2) Instituted new policies(a) Glasnost “openness”(b) Perestroika “restructuring” 3) Reaganomicsa) From Keynesian economics to supply-side economicsi) “Reaganomics”(1) Larger tax cuts(2) Reduction in government spending in order to give entrepreneurs and investors the money to start business, investments, and do things that would lead to more wealth and job(3) Argued spending cuts would keep federal deficit under control and interest rates down(4) Revenue lost in tax cuts would be made up for in new economic growthii) Trickle Down Economics(1) Wealth gained by top rich people would eventually trickle down to pooriii) The One Two Punch(1) Economic Recovery ax act of 1981(a) Cut taxes(2) Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1981(a) Massive government spending cuts(b) Stopped a lot of things that had been growing for last 5 years(c) Many lost SS coverage (d) Affected over 200 government programsb) Wealth and povertyi) Wealthy did extremely well in 1980s(1) Top 1% owned more than bottom 90%ii) Trend was most pronounced around racial minorities4) Epidemics of the Eightiesa) Cracki) Product was priced for poorii) Drug boom at its highestiii) 70% of people in some areas tested positive for crack iv) War on drugs(1) More money to support police officers to stop drugs(2) Regan deploys wife Nancy with “Just say no” campaignb) AIDSi) Infected people could pass on disease without knowing itii) Majority of early victims were gay men so many Americans saw it as gay plague(1) Gods punishment for homosexualityiii) Increasing infected babies born c)


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TAMU HIST 106 - Crisis of Confidence and Reagan

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