Lecture 15 Outline of Last Lecture I. Primate Behavior Outline of Current Lecture II. Groups of HaplorhinesA. PlatyrrhiniB. Catarrhinia. Old world monkeysb. Apes III. FossilsCurrent LectureSubgroups of Haplorhines: Anthro 1031st editionPlatyrrhini - tarsier, new world monkeysArboreal niches - none are terrestrialGot to South America and adaptive radiation happened (took over open niches)Body sizes rangeMany have prehensile tail (muscular, used as a 5th appendage)Catarrhini - old world monkeys, apesSome are very large (apes)Some are terrestrialOld World monkeys (Cercopithecoidea):These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Africa and Asia-Cheek pouch monkeys - stuff food in cheeks and go somewhere safe to eat it; more susceptible to predation so they have this practice-Leaf monkeys - have special chambers in body for digestion of cellu-loseApes (Hominoidea):-apes and humans-few species remain (apes)-tropical forests (less apes because of less rain-forests, now live in tropical forests)-hominoids have large body sizeHominoid teeth:Apes have Y5 molar - 5 cusps on a molarHominoid life history:-Slowlong juvenile period - dependent on adults, momfew, high-quality offspringlong interbirth intervallong livesLiving Hominoids:Gibbons - bracchiation, southeast AsiaOrangutansGorillaBonobo (aka pygmy chimp); engage in sex when reproduction is impossible like between two females, two males, or an adult and childChimpanzee - tend to live in trees; famous for tool use; hunt cooperatively; eat meat as well as fruit; prey on monkeysHumans - share foodLife in the past:Fossils:-remains of past life-chemically altered - organic material has been replaced by mineral. It is no longer organic. As a result, there is no DNA on it-some species have been extinct so briefly that we can get DNA from them. But generally we can't get DNA from fossilsDNA:-genetic differences between two genomes can be used to make inferences about the pastFossils:bone, teeth (most common)plants, pollencasts, impressionsfootprints, tracks"Artifact" - not fossils; produced by humans (pottery, arrowheads)Fossils are rare!few animals fossilize - animals eat them before this happenslucky to find
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