CCI 150 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 9 - 16Lecture 9 (Sept 25)This is what you need to know about the history of books:- Gutenberg (1400s) changed the world at least as much as the internet has changed our world—probably even more because we have other means to communicate now. Gutenberg did NOT invent the printing press. *He created Moveable Metal Type* He is best known for printing Bibles. - Moveable Metal Type: Individual letters cast in metal. Could be arranged in any order and used repeatedly. Made is possible to print many copies for the first time. - Gutenberg was such big deal because it allowed books to be mass produced for the first time and it allowed ideas to be more easily spread. It led to: Movable type of 1440 -> scientific progress, social reform, literacy, repository of culture (we just know more about this time period because it was actually documented).- First book to sell a million copies was Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe. It contributed to public outrage about slavery just before the Civil WarThis is what you need to know about the book industry:- At the center of the book world is the publisher and the reason for that is because they have most of the power in the publishing world because they take the financial risk of printing your book. But because they are the ones paying for it, they get to make all the decisions about the book.- Publishers and Trends: Major houses (McGraw Hill, Pearson, Penguin). Book industry consolidation (big companies are buying out the smaller ones), Small Publishers tend to specialize (small presses, university presses, vanity presses*makes the author pay to publish the book*). - Publishing houses are not very good at figuring out what to print. They may turn down book after book. They are not good at spotting what books will sell well. Harry Potter was turned down multiple times before it was printed- Book Products: Trade Books: fiction, nonfiction, most books, books you WANT to buy Texts and references: Professional and reference books, college textbooks, cookbooks, even the bible, El-hi books (K-12 books.) Books youHAVE to buy. - Transforming books: Paperback books (became very important during the Great Depression because they were affordable entertainment), electronic books (Manyattempts at handhelds, few successes until recently, iPads/iPhones may be the future, but we DO use electronic books now…)Lecture 10 (Sept 30)This is what you need to know about becoming an Author:- Authoring process -Speculation (you are speculating that someone wants to read your story) -Publisher initiative (Publisher asks someone to write a book. Some textbooks are made this way- usually nonfiction. )- Author Publisher Relations- Advance (getting paid in advance of the book being published) (The advance is really an advance against royalties. You will not earn any royalties until the advance is paid back.)- Royalties ( what you make as your book sells.) (Also apply to anything other than the book. Every harry potter movie, shirt, toy, etc.)- Agent (get contracts for you and then take a percentage of your $. Represent you to publishers. Make it easier to get published.)- Populist measures: Profits and Sales- Quality Measures: national book award, nobel prize, pen/falkner award, Pulitzer prize, willilan holmes mcguffey award. This is what you need to know about Magazines as Media:- Terms that apply to magazines: -Print Category (regular publication, multiple topics, staple or perfect binding, soft cover).- Demassification (See text for complete magazine history. Large, general interest magazines with lots of photos gave way to niche publications. *Magazines are a VERY demassified industry**There is a magazine for EVERYTHING*- Why did the old, general interests publications die? In the 1840s congress madeit very cheap to mail magazines. However, postal regulations changed again in 1960s, so it became too expensive the mail these huge magazines. Finally,Television killed the big general interest magazines. - There are NOW more than 10,000-12,000 magazines published regularly in America. Niche magazines can be very successful because they match an advertiser with a desired audience.- There are lots of magazines that target only teen girls. The magazine ‘Just-Teens’ is Memphis-based, but had more modest values and is less celebrity-driven. This is how Just-Teen found their niche.- There are also elitist and populist magazines. There are more populist magazines than, elitist. (Populist= People, US weekly, etc. Elitist= The Economist, Smithsonian, etc.)- Economic imperative= why there are more populist magazines. - Convergence: most magazines have an online presence as well. (ex: Mental-Floss)- Some magazines exist ONLY online (ex: Slate, Salon) Many include videos online. - What makes a magazine successful?- Circulation: The more readers you have the more successful the magazine, generally speaking. The magazines with highest circulation in the U.S.: 1. AARP2. Game Informer Magazine. 3. Better Homes and Gardens. - Readership: Advertisers will pay more for the ‘right’ readers than an audience that is simply large. Which magazine makes the most money? 1. People2. Better Homes and Gardens3. Sports Illustrated Lecture 11 (Oct 2)This is the final information you need to know about magazines:1.) Award winning covers: They were provocative. Compared to regular news, magazinesusually have a view point. They have been controversial. 2.) Types of magazines: 1.comsumer and 2. Nonconsumer-Consumer: anything on a newsstands. Ex: men’s (ladies), women’s, home and garden (shelter book), news, niche.-NonConsumer: Not found on news stands. Ex: 90% of all magazines. Sponsored (AARP, other organizations), Trade (business oriented, often niche), Public relations.3.) Magazine Jobs: For jobs and internship ideas check out: Media Bistro, Ed2010, Journalism Jobs. There are freelance magazine jobs. This is the information you need to know about newspapers as media:1.) Why do people say that newspapers are going away?-Competition- barrier to entry- With every new medium comes dire predictions for the old- Newspapers have and will change to survive. - The newspapers that died during the recession were the ones that were already financially unhealthy.2.) Newspapers are Profitable: Advertisers LIKE newspapers readers because- Hot medium- more engaged readers- More