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TAMU HORT 203 - Exam 2 Study Guide
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Hort 203 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 11 - 13Lecture 1 (September 7)1. Define the Principles of Designa. Fundamental guidelines expressed visually through the use of the elements of designb. Is this in scale to its environmentc. Is it good to have one or many focal points?2. What techniques are used to achieve Rhythm and Unity in a design composition?a. Repetition – of some element or componentb. Transition – gradual change from one component to the nextc. Proximity – place components close together3. Review the traditional Design styles. What makes a fan shaped design different than a traditional symmetrical triangle design?a. In a fan-shaped design all of the flowers are the same length. This is not the case in a traditional symmetrical design. The filler flowers are typically shorter4. What is the definition of a formalinear design?a. Holland & Germany (1980’s)b. Emphasizes lines and formsc. Asymmetrically balanced designi. Few but interesting materialsii. Groupediii. Negative space, strong lines5. How are abstract and new wave designs different from traditional designs?a. In abstract and new wave designs you can manipulate the materials into positions in which they do not grow. This is not the case for traditional designs.6. Know what a Bierdermeier design is and where it originated.a. Austria & Germany (1815-1845)b. When flowers became scarce people had to use flowers on short stems and other materials. c. Concentric rings of flowers, each row has the same flower usedd. Colors, forms and textures promote visual interest7. Know what Parallel Systems and New Convention Designs are and what design style they originated from.a. Parallel Systemsi. European floral designers late 1980’sii. Clusters or groups of flowersiii. One type in each clusteriv. Vertical patternv. Negative space between groupingb. New Convention Designsc. Vertical and horizontal groupingsd. Vertical clusters repeated horizontallye. Sharp right angles at basef. Form extensions to front, back side8. Know what a Pave design is and what art form it came froma. Taken from the art of jewelry makingb. Emphasizes shapes, sizes, textures and colors (the elements of design)c. Flowers, leaves, other materials arranged closely together in a flat, jewel-like pattern9. Know what a Hogarth Curve design is and who was responsible for it.a. “S-shaped curve” b. He was a painter, not a floral designer 10. Know what a Sheltered and Waterfall design are.a. Waterfall designs have a downward flow of materialsb. Sheltered designs don’t always have to be inside a container, but they may be “protected” by surrounding materials11. Know what a Phoenix design is and how it originated.a. Ancient Egyptian mythological birdb. Design mimics the rising of the bird from its own ashes12. Know the three styles of naturalistic designs and how they differa. Botanical designi. New and contemporaryii. Bulb flower, buds, blossoms, foliage, stems, bulbs and roots are visibleiii. Select low container, floral foam, secure bulbed plant, add moreof same flower, add other bulbed flowers and potted plantsb. Vegetativei. Presents plants as they grow in natureii. Simulated a small slice of natureiii. Low container, floral foam, work from top down, place tall flowers off center, do not alter flower, buds, leaves, or stems, layer heights, bunch similar materials togetherc. Landscape i. Depicts larger area of nature, represent parts of a natural landscape, groomed garden, organized in color groupingsii. Large low, rectangular, oval or rounded container, tall materialsin back, asymmetrical positioning13. Know the following advanced design techniques: basing, grouping, shadowing, banding, binding, zoning, and framing.a. No basing questionsb. Terracing = placing materials in a stair-step fashion, horizontal lines, creates depthc. Clustering = placing a collection of small texturing flowers or foliage or a single kind close together, individual components become a massd. Grouping = Emphasize forms and colors – the placement of identical material within a specific limited areae. *Zoning = confining lie materials to specific areas within the compositionf. *Banding = Merely decorativeg. *Binding = Physically joining or fastening stems together14. Know the basic functions of a good containera. Hides mechanicsb. Appropriate for stemsc. Hold waterd. Creates a sense of harmony15. Know the different types of materials used to make containers and their pros and consa. Glassi. Commonii. Affordableiii. Versatileiv. Vast selection of shapes, sizes, styles, and colorsv. Clear glass offers challengevi. Floral preservativeb. Plastic i. Wide variety of shapes, sizes, styles and colorsii. Can take on appearance of glass, brass, and ceramiciii. Low costiv. Unbreakablev. Lightweight c. Basketsi. Wide range of styles, sizes, shapes, and fiber combinationsii. Generally inexpensiveiii. Various colors and texturesiv. Can present stability problemsv. Must have linerd. Brassi. Highly reflective surfaceii. Formality and eleganceiii. Several shapes sizes, and stylesiv. Generally inexpensivev. Use plastic linerse. Ceramicsi. Stylized lines and formsii. Decorative designs and patternsiii. Novelty/special occasions16. Know where pottery originated, the pottery wheel, and green ceramic glaze “celadon”.a. China17. Know the difference between wheel throwing and slip casting.a. Throwing = art skill, must be trainedb. Slip casting = plaster molds18. Know the three specific types of ceramics (Earthenware, Porcelain, and Stoneware) and how they differ.a. Earthenware – terracotta pots, not waterproof, porous, low temperature (1740-2130º)b. Stoneware – waterproof even without a glaze, fired twice, table safe, rugged look and feel, temperature (2200-2300º)c. Porcelain – most vitreous (glass-like), highest quality, strongest, but thrown thin so its fragile, temperature


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