PSYC 101 1st Edition Lecture 22 Outline of Last Lecture II. Why Sex?Outline of Current Lecture: Motivation ContinuedIII. Achievement MotivationA. IntrinsicB. ExtrinsicIV. Sexual Motivationa. Hormonesb. Human Sexual Behaviorc. Attitudes: Men vs. Women V. Evolutionary Psychology VI. David BussVII. Reproductive InvestmentCurrent LectureMotivation I. Achievement Motivation a. Intrinsic: pride, passion, personal gain, self-esteem, knowledge, enjoymenti. Most likely to achieve goalsii. Most persistent; less likely to quitb. Extrinsic: grades, money, parents, rewards, approval of othersII. Sexual Motivationa. Hormones i. Direct development of male and female sex characteristics – pubertyii. Activating sexual behavior; estrogen spikes released in women; recreational sex 1. Estrogen peaks at ovulation (release of egg) and female becomes reproductive a. Ex: Female rat erogenous every 4 days – will not be sexually active on other 3 days These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Ex: Humans ovulate once a month, but not only receptive once a month 2. Male hormone levels more constantly loss of testosterone – loss of sexual behavior a. Have highs and lowsb. Castrated animals – no testosterone: not interested in sex 3. Women’s sexual desire is only slightly higher at ovulation and women have sex throughout menstrual cycle; tiny changes in behavior: higher voice, tend to wear less clothes, walk differently 4. Sexual desire in women actually more closely related to testosterone levels; higher – more desirousb. Human Sexual Behaviori. Influenced by:1. Physiology – ex: castration 2. External Cues – environment; ex: cute girl in class3. Imagination – fantasizing c. Attitudes: Men vs. WomenQuestions:i. Which gender more likely to initiate sex? Menii. Which gender more into casual sex? Meniii. Masturbation? Meniv. Watch more porn? Menv. Aroused by visual porn? Menvi. Aroused by written porn? Womenvii. Number of sexual partners desired: Men – 18; women – 5 Clark & Hatfield (1989) Experiment i. “Would you like to go to bed with me tonight?” – asked random people;used attractive people to ask ii. 0% women said yesiii. 75% men said yes iv. Explanation: women get pregnant – longer commitment End of MotivationIII. Evolutionary Psychology: the study of the evolution of the mind and behavior. How decisions and behaviors our ancestors made affect our own behavior a. Based on principles of natural selection; Darwinism; survival of the fittest IV. David Bussa. “Evolution of Desire” – 1994; what do you look for in a mate? b. Men & women have different mating strategies due to the gender investment amounts during reproductive process V. Reproductive Investment a. Women have a limited amount of eggs (around 400) b. Men reproduce unlimited sperm (12 million/hour) – cheap!c. Women can’t reproduce after menopaused. Men can reproduce throughout lifee. Fertilization and gestation occur inside the female f. Quantity vs.
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