ANTH 110 1nd Edition Lecture 15Outline of Last Lecture I. Life History/Behavioral Trends, cont. II. Primates: StrepsirhinisA. LemursB. Lorises II. Life History/Behavioral Trends Outline of Current Lecture I. Haplorhines A. TarsiersB. Anthropoidsi. Old world monkeysii. New world monkeysCurrent Lecture I. HaplorhinesThe Haplorhines consist of two infraorders: Tarsiers and Anthropoids.A. Tarsiers- The Tarsier is a small-bodied, nocturnal primate found on the islands of southeast Asia. They eat insects and small vertebrates which they catch by leaping from branch to branch. They are highly specialized and closely related to apes and monkeys. The basic social pattern of Tarsiers appears to be a family unit consisting of a mated pair and their offspring. This is not like the human marriage. It is a more temporary relationship, not lifelong. The Tarsiers are the only members of their own infraorder. So while they are haplorhines like us, they are very distinct haplorhines. Fun Fact: Each of the Tarsier's eyes weigh more than its brain. In terms of relation between eye and body size, the Tarsier has the largest eyes of any mammal. B. Anthropoids- Monkeys, apes, and us These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Common traits of Anthropoids (consider these in relation to lemurs, lorises, and tarsiers):- larger brains and body size- reduced reliance on the sense of smell- greater degree of color vision- bony plate at the back of the eye sockets (post-orbital closure)- different female reproductive anatomy- longer gestation and maturation periods- fused mandible (recall not so in strepsirhines)- sexual dimorphism (males are bigger than females)i. New world monkeys(Note: 85% of all primate species are either new world or old world monkeys. They are separated by geography and several million years of evolutionary history.)New world monkeys are often referred to as platerhines because they have a flat nose. They also have an extra premolar (unique to a new world monkey) and a prehensile tail with dermal ridges for a better grip. These monkeys are found in northern parts of South American and Central America.ii. Old world monkeysOld world monkeys do not have a flat nose like the new world monkeys. They have a callused buttocks so that sitting on the ground and tree branches is easier. In females, parts of the anatomy will change colors during times of fertility. These monkeys can be found in subsaharan Africa and parts of Asia. Old world monkeys have two major distinctive categories: some are terrestrial while others live primarily in the
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