Current LectureLong term memory (LTM)Explicit memory: conscious recall(also called declarative memory; When a person intentionally remember something that is more effortful) (EX: when taking an exam)SemanticMemory of facts and general knowledge of the world; not linked to a specific eventEpisodic (autobiographical memory)Memory for specific events in one’s lifeRetrospective memory: remember things happening in the pastProspective memory: try to remember something that you need to do in the future.Event-basedNeed to do some actions in the future when certain circumstances are present (Ex: remember to take rain jacket if it’s rainy)Time-basedRemember to do certain actions at the certain point of timeImplicit memory (also called nondeclarative memory; Memory that is formed without effort)Procedural memory (ex: riding a bike, typing)Memory for older skills; automatic recollections of behavioral skillsSTM versus LTM: Serial position effectPrimacy effectsRemember things happening at the firstInvolves more rehearsal processesRecency effectsTend to remember things in the last couples of items and not the items in the middleThe process of memoryFormation: retrievalRecognition versus retrievalRetrieval cuesContext effectsEnvironmental reinstatement effectWe recall information best if we return to the exact physical location where we first encoded itEx: taking psyc 101 exams in Hamilton vs. other classroomState dependent memoryThe tendency to recall information best when in the same emotional or physiological state as you learned itMood congrument memoryRetrieval would be best when there is a match between the mood of retrieval and the emotional tone of the experience/object itselfClass example: story telling; bank robberMemory reconstruction*People’s recall of an event may be influenced by something happening after the event*People’s recall of an event may be influenced by misleading post-event informationEye witness memory studiesThe bunny effectBunny “in” the DisneylandMisinformation effectRecovered (repressed) memoriesRole of source monitoring errors?Memory derived from one source is misattributed to another sourceProblem with this theoryLeading/suggestive questionsMemories before the age of 3Where the repressed memories are revealedPsych 101 1nd Edition Lecture Outline of Last Lecture II. Vicarious conditioningIII. Processes underlying observational learningIV. MemoryV. EncodingVI. ShallowVII.IntermediateVIII. Deep IX. Enhancing EncodingX. StorageXI. Components of working memoryXII.Schemas and scriptsOutline of Current Lecture XIII. Long term memory (LTM)XIV. Explicit memoryXV. SemanticXVI. EpisodicXVII. Implicit XVIII. memory XIX. STM versus LTMXX. Primacy effectsXXI. Recency effectsXXII. The process of memoryXXIII. FormationXXIV. Memory reconstructionCurrent Lecture Long term memory (LTM)- Explicit memory: conscious recall(also called declarative memory; When a person intentionally remember something that is more effortful) (EX: when taking an exam)o Semantic  Memory of facts and general knowledge of the world; not linked to a specific event o Episodic (autobiographical memory) Memory for specific events in one’s life Retrospective memory: remember things happening in the past  Prospective memory: try to remember something that you need to do in the future.  Event-based- Need to do some actions in the future when certain circumstances are present (Ex: remember to take rain jacket if it’s rainy) Time-based- Remember to do certain actions at thecertain point of time- Implicit memory (also called nondeclarative memory; Memorythat is formed without effort)o Procedural memory (ex: riding a bike, typing) Memory for older skills; automatic recollections of behavioral skills STM versus LTM: Serial position effect - Primacy effectso Remember things happening at the first o Involves more rehearsal processes- Recency effectso Tend to remember things in the last couples of items and not the items in the middle The process of memory Formation: retrieval- Recognition versus retrieval- Retrieval cueso Context effects Environmental reinstatement effect  We recall information best if we return to the exact physical location where we first encoded it  Ex: taking psyc 101 exams in Hamilton vs. other classroom  State dependent memory  The tendency to recall information best when in the same emotional or physiologicalstate as you learned it  Mood congrument memory  Retrieval would be best when there is a match between the mood of retrieval and the emotional tone of the experience/object itself Class example: story telling; bank robber Memory reconstruction*People’s recall of an event may be influenced by something happening after the event *People’s recall of an event may be influenced by misleading post-event information - Eye witness memory studies o The bunny effect Bunny “in” the Disneylando Misinformation effect- Recovered (repressed) memories o Role of source monitoring errors? Memory derived from one source is misattributed to another sourceo Problem with this theory  Leading/suggestive questions Memories before the age of 3 Where the repressed memories are